Category Archives: Other

Diagnosis of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in advanced HIV: A meta-analysis of assay analytical performance

2019

Histoplasmosis is an important cause of mortality in people with advanced HIV, especially in countries with limited access to diagnostic assays. Histoplasmosis can be diagnosed using culture, histopathology, and antibody,...

A meta-analysis assessing diarrhea and pneumonia in HIV-exposed uninfected compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants and children

2019

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have demonstrated that HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants and children experience morbidity and mortality at rates exceeding those of their HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) counterparts. We sought to summarize...

Histoplasmosis and tuberculosis co-occurrence in people with advanced HIV

2019

Distinguishing between histoplasmosis, tuberculosis (TB), and co-occurrence of disease is a frequent dilemma for clinical staff treating people with advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. This problem is most frequently...

Effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination against invasive pneumococcal disease among children with and those without HIV infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

BACKGROUND: HIV-infected children are at a higher risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) and its mortality, even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, an effective vaccination strategy would be...

Global population-level association between herpes simplex virus 2 prevalence and HIV prevalence

2018

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to assess the population-level association between herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) and HIV prevalence. METHODS: Reports of HSV-2 and HIV prevalence were systematically reviewed and synthesized...

Difference in Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence rates due to low and high CD4 counts in patients with HIV/AIDS

2019

Objective: Since symptomatic toxoplasmosis in in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) almost always occurs as a result of reactivation of chronic infection, screening Toxoplasma serology has an important...

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and related risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

Strongyloidiasis is caused by nematode infections of the genus Strongyloides, mainly Strongyloides stercoralis, and affects tens of millions of people around the world. S. stercoralis hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis are...

Case fatality rate and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory tract infections in HIV positive and negative people in Africa: The VARIAFRICA-HIV systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

Background: To set priorities for efficient control of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in Africa, it is necessary to have accurate estimate of its burden, especially among HIV-infected populations. Objectives: To compare...

Immunogenicity and safety of measles vaccine in HIV-infected children: An updated systematic review

2019

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children are at increased risk of measles morbidity and mortality. We searched abstracts from the PubMed, Embase, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences databases for...

Safety and immunogenicity of measles vaccination in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

Background: HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children have an increased risk of measles that may be due to altered immune responses or suboptimal timing of measles vaccination. We aimed to...

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in Latin America and the Caribbean in people receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: A systematic review

2019

Histoplasmosis is the most clinically significant mycosis in Latin America; still it has been neglected in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There is limited information about its contribution to...

Anthroponotic transmission of cryptosporidium parvum predominates in countries with poorer sanitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

BACKGROUND: Globally cryptosporidiosis is one of the commonest causes of mortality in children under 24 months old and may be associated with important longterm health effects. Whilst most strains of...

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