Category Archives: Other

Treatment for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis

2018

BACKGROUND: Cryptococcal meningitis is a severe fungal infection that occurs primarily in the setting of advanced immunodeficiency and remains a major cause of HIV-related deaths worldwide. The best induction therapy...

Early versus delayed antiretroviral treatment in HIV-positive people with cryptococcal meningitis

2018

BACKGROUND: There remains uncertainty about the optimum timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-positive people with cryptococcal meningitis. This uncertainty is the result of conflicting data on the mortality...

Impact of routine cryptococcal antigen screening and targeted pre-emptive fluconazole therapy in antiretroviral naive HIV-infected adults with less than 100 CD4 cells/muL: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018

Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) screening and targeted pre-emptive fluconazole in antiretroviral naive HIV-infected adults with less than 100 CD4 cells/muL seems promising to reduce the burden of cryptococcal meningitis (CM). We...

Evidence of synergistic relationships between HIV and Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of longitudinal studies of HPV acquisition and clearance by HIV status, and of HIV acquisition by HPV status

2018

INTRODUCTION: Observational studies suggest HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections may have multiple interactions. We reviewed the strength of the evidence for the influence of HIV on HPV acquisition and...

Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in immunocompromised patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018

BACKGROUND: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, with immunocompromised patients (ICPs) at particular risk. Therefore, guidelines recommend pneumococcal vaccination for these patients. However, guidelines are...

Prevalence of human papillomavirus by geographical regions, sexual orientation and HIV status in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018

OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes multiple cancers in both women and men. In China, both HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening coverages are low. We aim to investigate the...

Associations between highly active antiretroviral therapy and the presence of HPV, premalignant and malignant cervical lesions in sub-Saharan Africa, a systematic review: Current evidence and directions for future research

2017

OBJECTIVES: In sub-Saharan Africa, substantial international funding along with evidence-based clinical practice have resulted in an unparalleled scale-up of access to antiretroviral treatment at a higher CD4 count. The role...

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with human papillomavirus in people living with HIV: A systematic review

2018

Over the last 20 years we assisted to an increase in the mean age of People Living with HIV and their comorbidities. Especially, there was an increase in Human Papillomavirus-related...

Human immunodeficiency virus in patients with tuberculous meningitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2018

INTRODUCTION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected individuals are at increased risk for all forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), including tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The current study aimed to investigate the frequency...

Women infected with HIV and the impact of associated sexually transmitted infections

2018

OBJECTIVE: To review the relationship between concomitant sexually transmitted infections in women infected with HIV. METHODS: PubMed and Scopus were searched for articles published in English and Portuguese between January...

CD4 cell count threshold for cryptococcal antigen screening of HIV-infected individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018

Background: Current guidelines recommend screening all people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) who have a CD4 count ≤100 cells/µL for cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) to identify those patients who could benefit...

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among women in sub-Saharan Africa: An individual participant data meta-analysis of 18 HIV prevention studies

2018

BACKGROUND: Estimates of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence are essential for efforts to prevent and control STIs. Few large STI prevalence studies exist, especially for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)....

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