Category Archives: Tuberculosis
Barriers to and enablers of adherence to the treatment of active drug-sensitive tuberculosis in people living with HIV: A mixed method systematic review
BACKGROUND: Adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is essential in improving treatment outcomes and reducing TB-related mortality. People living with HIV (PLWH) are at a higher risk of developing and dying...
HIV testing during systematic screening for tuberculosis among household contacts in high-tuberculosis burden settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis household contacts are at elevated risk of HIV, and systematic screening for tuberculosis is an opportunity for people to know their status. We aimed to assess the coverage...
FujiLAM assays for tuberculosis detection in people with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background There is a global need for a rapid, accurate, and non-sputum point-of-care (PoC) assay for tuberculosis (TB), especially for people with HIV (PLHIV). The Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM (FujiLAM),...
Unveiling the underestimated prevalence of HIV, HBV and TB triple infection in Asia, South America, and Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a genus of retroviruses that targets immune cells and may eventually cause immune-deficiency illness. Triple infection of HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) /tuberculosis (TB) leads...
Calibration of transmission-dynamic infectious disease models: A scoping review and reporting framework
Objective/Background Transmission-dynamic models are commonly used to study infectious disease epidemiology. Calibration involves identifying model parameter values that align model outputs with observed data or other evidence. Inaccurate calibration and...
Global prevalence of HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 371 included articles
OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are two diseases that have imposed the heaviest burden globally. This study aims to determine the global prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV...
Effect of human immunodeficiency virus on lung function and structure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Rationale: Obstructive lung disease (OLD) pathogenesis includes inhalational (e.g., smoking) and noninhalational mechanisms (e.g., infections). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been suggested as a novel OLD risk factor. Substantial data...
Effect of same-day HIV treatment initiation (SDI) on 1-year outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
Introduction Same-day initiation (SDI) of antiretroviral therapy is recommended for people presenting with HIV who have no contraindications. We reviewed the evidence on SDI interventions in low- and middle-income countries...
Factors associated with unsuppressed HIV viral load among children under 15 years in sub-Saharan africa: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Viral suppression among children living with HIV remains suboptimal in sub-Saharan Africa. The marked heterogeneity in suppression rates across countries underscores the need for comparative analyses to elucidate context-specific...
Prevalence and determinants of virologic failure among HIV patients on ART in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has established the 95-95-95 targets, aiming that by 2030, 95% of individuals on ART will achieve viral suppression. While the number...
Mortality and associated factors among children with the double burden of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis in African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction The dual burden of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Tuberculosis (TB) in children is leading to significant mortality. Although primary studies have reported wide ranges of mortality rates among...
Determinants of HIV related mortality in African children on antiretroviral therapy: Clinical and immunological insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: The HIV epidemic in Africa is still a serious public health concern, particularly for children who are more vulnerable to its negative consequences. Various studies carried out in different...
