Category Archives: Tuberculosis

Presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) as acute pneumonia in severely-malnourished and HIV-positive children has received very little attention, although this is very important in the management of pneumonia in children...

Objective To quantify the effect of opiate substitution treatment in relation to HIV transmission among people who inject drugs. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective published and unpublished observational...

The World Health Organization has produced guidelines for the management of common illnesses in hospitals with limited resources. This series reviews the scientific evidence behind WHO’s recommendations. The WHO guidelines,...

The World Health Organization recommends the screening of all people living with HIV for tuberculosis (TB) disease, followed by TB treatment, or isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) when TB is excluded....

BACKGROUND: TB of the pleura is associated with inflammation and fibrosis. Steroids could reduce the effects of the inflammation, but the immunosuppression could make patients vunerable. OBJECTIVES: This review aims...

BACKGROUND: In Sub-Saharan Africa, the fight against tuberculosis (TB) has encountered a great challenge because of the emergence of drug resistant TB strains and the high prevalence of HIV infection....

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of human suffering and death. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), and extensive drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) have emerged as threats...

Data on the prevalence and causes of community-acquired bloodstream infections in Africa are scarce. We searched three databases for studies that prospectively studied patients admitted to hospital with at least...

WHO antiretroviral treatment guidelines for HIV-infected children have influenced the design of treatment programmes in resource-limited settings. This review analyses the latest WHO first- and second-line regimen recommendations. The recommendation...

BACKGROUND: Despite effective anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, case-fatality rates of up to 25% are described in both industrialised and resource-poor settings. An understanding of the factors predisposing to poor outcome may allow...

PURPOSE: Reliable and comprehensive data on the HIV/AIDS and TB co-pandemics from Central Africa remain scarce. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview on current and past research activities in...

BACKGROUND: According to consensus, initiation of therapy is best based on CD4 cell count, a marker of immune status, rather than on viral load, a marker of virologic replication. For...