Category Archives: Co-infections

Context: The minimum standard of care required for participants in clinical trials conducted in resource-poor settings is a matter of controversy; international documents offer contradictory guidance. Objective: To determine whether...

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increases the risk of poor outcomes in active tuberculosis. We updated a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effects of duration of rifamycins, schedule...

BACKGROUND: The diagnostic value of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for active tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries is unclear. METHODS: We searched multiple databases for studies published through May 2010...

OBJECTIVE: The routine offer of an HIV test during patient-provider encounters is gaining momentum within HIV treatment and prevention programmes. This review examined the operational implementation of provider-initiated testing and...

BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pericarditis – tuberculosis infection of the pericardial membrane (pericardium) covering the heart – is becoming more common. The infection can result in fluid around the heart or fibrosis...

Objective: The objective of this study was to address the role of heterosexual transmission of HIV in China. Goal: The goal of this study was to explore the prevalence of...

BACKGROUND: Cryptococcal disease is an opportunistic infection that causes significant morbidity and mortality in adults with HIV. Primary prophylaxis with antifungal interventions may decrease cryptococcal disease incidence and associated mortality....

A meta-analysis was performed to examine the effects of 14 behavioral and social interventions for heterosexual adults on their adoption of safer sex behaviors or incidence of sexually transmitted diseases...

PURPOSE: Global data on age-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in males, especially for oncogenic HPV types 16 and 18, are essential for future efforts to prevent HPV-related diseases,...

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a common co-infection among HIV-infected adults that is hypothesized to accelerate HIV disease progression. METHODS: We searched Medline, EMBASE, relevant conference proceedings...

With HIV prevalence levels up to 30%, fishermen as a group have a comparable prevalence to at-risk populations such as female sex workers (FSWs), truck drivers, military personnel, and prisoners....

AIM: To determine differences between the plain radiographic features of paediatric pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) recorded before the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1982 and those documented in the...