Category Archives: Co-infections

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infections are common as the two viruses use same routes of transmission. Studies show that HIV infection modifies the natural course...

BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection commonly affecting immunocompromised people. Diagnosis usually requires invasive techniques to obtain respiratory specimens. Minimally invasive detection tests have been proposed, but...

BACKGROUND: There is conflicting evidence about whether a double dose of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine induces better immunity than the standard-dose vaccine for people living with HIV (PLWH)....

In HIV-infected pediatrics, oral candidiasis (OC) is a global issue of concern due to its association with dysphagia, malnutrition, and mortality. The present systematic review and meta-analysis are the first...

There are some concerns on the effect of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the outcome and mortality of COVID-19. In this meta-analysis, we...

Objectives: Even today, tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading public health problem; yet, the current diagnostic methods still have a few shortcomings. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) provides an opportunity for TB diagnosis, and urine...

BACKGROUND: Nonviral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) increase risk of sexually-acquired HIV infection. Updated risk estimates carefully scrutinizing temporality bias of studies are needed. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO...

Background Data on the association of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 are conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the available...

One of the strategies of the World Health Organization End Tuberculosis (TB) was to reduce the catastrophic costs incurred by TB-affected families to 0% by 2020.Catastrophic cost is defined by...

People living with HIV (PLWH) are particularly vulnerable to worsened outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to provide a scoping review of the literature to assess...

OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) cause significant morbidity among women with HIV and increase HIV transmission. We estimated the prevalence of four STIs among women with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa...

Despite the advancement of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), drug-drug interactions (DDIs) remain a relevant clinical issue for people living with HIV receiving ART....