Category Archives: Co-infections

Hepatitis B virus genetic multiplicity and the associated HBV lamivudine resistance mutations in HBV/HIV co-infection in Western Kenya: A review article

2021

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infections are common as the two viruses use same routes of transmission. Studies show that HIV infection modifies the natural course...

Risk factors for types of recurrent tuberculosis (reactivation versus reinfection): A global systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

Background The purpose of this meta-analysis (PROSPERO number: CRD42021243204) is to perform extensive and penetrating analyses on the risk factors associated with reactivation or reinfection. Methods We searched PubMed and...

Immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine among people living with HIV: A meta-analysis

2021

BACKGROUND: There is conflicting evidence about whether a double dose of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine induces better immunity than the standard-dose vaccine for people living with HIV (PLWH)....

Screening adolescents for sensitive health topics in primary care: A scoping review

2021

We sought to aggregate common barriers and facilitators to screening adolescents for sensitive health topics (e.g., depression, chlamydia) in primary care, as well as those that are unique to a...

Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential factors affecting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization and infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS: A systematic search of publications listed in...

Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000–2020)

2022

BACKGROUND: Oral thrush, a clinical condition due to an overgrowth of Candida yeasts in the oral cavity, is prominent in patients with immunosuppression. As recent updates on oral thrush in...

Human immunodeficiency virus infection promotes human papillomavirus-mediated anal squamous carcinogenesis: An immunologic and pathobiologic review

2022

BACKGROUND: Anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy with rising incidence, both in the United States and internationally. The primary risk factor for anal SCC is human...

Non-invasive diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection commonly affecting immunocompromised people. Diagnosis usually requires invasive techniques to obtain respiratory specimens. Minimally invasive detection tests have been proposed, but...

The prevalence, etiological agents, clinical features, treatment, and diagnosis of HIV-associated oral candidiasis in pediatrics across the world: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

In HIV-infected pediatrics, oral candidiasis (OC) is a global issue of concern due to its association with dysphagia, malnutrition, and mortality. The present systematic review and meta-analysis are the first...

Microbiota-meditated immunity abnormalities facilitate hepatitis B virus co-infection in people living with HIV: A review

2022

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection is fairly common in people living with HIV (PLWH) and affects millions of people worldwide. Identical transmission routes and HIV-induced immune suppression have been assumed...

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the catastrophic costs incurred by tuberculosis patients

2022

One of the strategies of the World Health Organization End Tuberculosis (TB) was to reduce the catastrophic costs incurred by TB-affected families to 0% by 2020.Catastrophic cost is defined by...

Risk of HIV acquisition among high-risk heterosexuals with nonviral sexually transmitted infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

BACKGROUND: Nonviral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) increase risk of sexually-acquired HIV infection. Updated risk estimates carefully scrutinizing temporality bias of studies are needed. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO...

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