Category Archives: Co-infections

The efficacy of Cotrimoxazole for the prevention of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia among HIV-exposed and infected children: A systematic review

2025

BACKGROUND: HIV-related opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) remain a major contributor to child morbidity and mortality globally. PCP accounts for over 60% of AIDS in the first year...

Economic evaluations of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): A systematic review

2025

BACKGROUND: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programmes and services aim to prevent complications of pregnancy and childbirth, unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions, complications caused by sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, sexual...

The global prevalence and impact of steatotic liver disease and viral infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Background: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) affects ~30% of adults worldwide. The global population is continuously threatened by epidemic and endemic viral diseases. This study aims to thoroughly examine the interaction...

What are the risk factors of non-fatal overdose among persons who use opioids? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Introduction: Non-fatal opioid overdose (NFOD) is a concerning public health issue that is a risk factor for subsequent fatal overdose. Methods: This systematic review aimed to evaluate all the previous literature using...

Prevalence of Mpox vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among people living with HIV: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Background Vaccine acceptance among People Living with HIV (PLWH) is crucial for managing and mitigating the spread of infectious diseases, including Mpox. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the rate...

The burden of HPV infections and HPV-related diseases among people with HIV: A systematic literature review

2025

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with a significant global burden of precancerous lesions and cancer. People with HIV (PWH) are at higher risk of HPV infection and HPV‐related diseases. This...

The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in the oral mucosae of HIV-positive individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Papillomaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses, and it is essential to clarify their genotypic distribution for their effective prevention and clinical management. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence...

Prevalence and predictors of virological failure among the people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in East Africa: Evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression of published studies from 2016 to 2023

2025

Background: Virological failure (VF) significantly threatens the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in East Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the prevalence and predictors of VF among individuals living...

HIV risk score and prediction model in the United States: A scoping review

2025

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health issue in the U.S., affecting approximately 1.2 million individuals, many of whom are unaware of their infection status. This study reviews predictors...

Diagnostic tests performance in detecting Pneumocystis jirovecii: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pj) pneumonia (PJP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. Detecting Pj is challenging, particularly in distinguishing between Pj colonization (PJC) and infection....

Prevalence of HIV/syphilis co-infection among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are key populations for HIV and syphilis infection, and co-infection with both diseases significantly increases health risks. However, the co-infection of HIV/syphilis...

Causes of hospitalisation among people living with HIV worldwide, 2014-23: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Background: Despite improved access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-related morbidity and mortality remain high. A previous review (2007-14) found that AIDS-related illnesses were the leading causes of hospitalisations. We aimed to...

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