Category Archives: Co-infections
A scoping review of the associations between mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression in conflict-affected populations
The association between poor mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression (also referred to as HIV-related factors) may be stronger among conflict-affected populations given elevated rates...
An overview of the case fatality of inpatient severe acute malnutrition in Ethiopia and its association with human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis comorbidity — A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Mortality of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a devastating problem in Ethiopia. This study estimated the pooled case fatality ratio of SAM among children <5 y of...
Prevalence of tuberculosis in HIV-positive prisoners: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV constitute the main burden of infectious diseases worldwide. Imprisonment is an important risk factor for contracting TB, especially among those living with HIV. This systematic review...
Tuberculosis infection and disease in people living with HIV in countries with low tuberculosis incidence
In countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, TB is concentrated in vulnerable populations, including people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), who have a substantially greater risk of TB...
Increased risk of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss in MDR-TB patients with HIV coinfection
SETTING: A high proportion of individuals with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) develop permanent hearing loss due to ototoxicity caused by injectable aminoglycosides (AGs). The prevalence of AG-induced hearing loss is greatest...
Approach to acute kidney injury in HIV-infected patients in South Africa
Background: HIV-infected patients have an increased risk of renal disease. Current first-line antiretroviral therapy contains tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), which has nephrotoxic potential, characterised by proximal tubular cell injury. This...
The effect of human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus infection on infant responses to vaccines: A review
The success of prevention of mother to child transmission programs over the last two decades has led to an increasing number of infants who are exposed to human immunodeficiency virus...
Human immunodeficiency virus in patients with tuberculous meningitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
INTRODUCTION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected individuals are at increased risk for all forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), including tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The current study aimed to investigate the frequency...
Sustained virological response in special populations with chronic hepatitis C using interferon-free treatments: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hepatitis C treatment has changed considerably in recent years, and many interferon (IFN)-free therapies are now available. Considering the high rates of sustained virological response (SVR) presented...
Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review
The burden of tuberculosis (TB) among adolescents and young adults in endemic settings is poorly characterised. This study aimed to review published and unpublished estimates of the incidence and prevalence...
