Category Archives: Co-infections

Rationale: Patients with HIV-related tuberculosis (TB) have an increased risk of death, TB treatment failure, and relapse. There are several areas of uncertainty regarding the treatment of active TB in...

Objective: To determine whether interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) improve the identification of HIV-infected individuals who could benefit from latent tuberculosis infection therapy. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We searched...

In order to ensure the availability of resources for tuberculosis (TB) and HIV management and control, it is imperative that countries monitor and plan for co-infection in order to identify,...

BACKGROUND: 100 million people worldwide are homeless; rates of mortality and morbidity are high in this population. The contribution of infectious diseases to these adverse outcomes is uncertain. Accurate estimates...

SETTING: Six trials from Haiti, Mexico, the U.S.A., Brazil, Spain, Zambia and Hong Kong. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rifampicin plus pyrazinamide (RZ) vs. isoniazid (INH) for...

OBJECTIVES: Recurrent or persistent coinfections may increase HIV viral load and, consequently, risk of HIV transmission, thus increasing HIV incidence. We evaluated the association between malaria, herpes simplex virus type...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of female controlled physical and chemical barrier methods in preventing STI/HIV transmission, to examine recent reviews on microbicide development, and to highlight promising...

BACKGROUND: The incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and other reproductive tract infections (RTI) is high in much of the developing and parts of the developed worlds. STIs...

Existing reviews suggest some sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are risk factors in heterosexual HIV transmission. This may not be so in homosexual HIV transmission, about which reviews make no specific...

OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV-23) in preventing pneumococcal disease in HIV-infected people is a subject of debate. We reviewed the clinical evidence for recommending PPV-23 for...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a common complication in AIDS patients living in Leishmania-endemic areas. Although antiretroviral therapy has changed the clinical course of HIV infection and its...

Background: Sexual and reproductive health of young people has become a major health problem in recent decades. Recent and rapidly increasing Human Immune Defi ciency Virus (HIV) rates show an...