Category Archives: Co-infections
Intravaginal practices, bacterial vaginosis, and women’s susceptibility to HIV infection: Epidemiological evidence and biological mechanisms
Intravaginal practices such as “dry sex” and douching have been suggested as a risk factor that may increase women’s susceptibility to HIV infection. These behaviours appear common in different populations...
Nonoxynol-9 spermicide for prevention of vaginally acquired HIV and other sexually transmitted infections: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials including more than 5000 women
We aimed to determine the effectiveness of the vaginally administered spermicide nonoxynol-9 (N-9) among women for the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We did a systematic...
Interventions for the prevention and management of oropharyngeal candidiasis associated with HIV infection in adults and children
BACKGROUND: Oral candidiasis (OC) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection occurs commonly and recurs frequently, often presenting as an initial manifestation of the disease. Left untreated, these lesions contribute...
Flu and pneumococcal immunisations in HIV-infected children: Methodological quality of current recommendations
OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of guidelines, consensus statements and systematic reviews on flu and pneumococcal immunisations in HIV-infected children. METHOD: The authors screened PubMed and Embase databases until the...
Interventions for the prevention of mycobacterium avium complex in adults and children with HIV
BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is a common complication of advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) disease and is an independent predictor of mortality and shortened survival. OBJECTIVES: To determine...
The effect of genital tract infections on HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract: A systematic review and meta-analysis
This article reviews the effect of genital tract infections and associated clinical conditions on the detection and concentration of HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract. A search of the PubMed,...
The effectiveness of behavioural and psychosocial HIV/STI prevention interventions for MSM in Europe: A systematic review
Given the need of programme planners and policy makers for descriptions of specific interventions and quantitative estimates of intervention effects to make informed decisions concerning prevention funding and research, there...
Management of toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected adults (with an emphasis on resource-poor settings)
BACKGROUND: Cerebral toxoplasmosis or toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis (hereafter referred to as TE) was one of the first opportunistic infections to be described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected patients. Treatment of...
The impact of hepatitis C virus coinfection on HIV-related kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: In the era of antiretroviral therapy, non-AIDS complications such as kidney disease are important contributors to morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the impact of hepatitis C coinfection on...
Peginterferon alfa-2a is superior to peginterferon alfa-2b in the treatment of naïve patients with hepatitis C virus infection: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BACKGROUND: Pegylated interferon (PEGIFN) and ribavirin combination is the standard of care for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Studies comparing the efficacy and safety of PEGIFN...
