Category Archives: Co-infections
A systematic review of the effectiveness of antifungal drugs for the prevention and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients
OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials published between 1966 and April 2000 was undertaken to determine the strength of evidence for the effectiveness of antifungal drugs (nystatin, clotrimazole,...
Active and passive surveillance of yellow fever vaccine 17D or 17DD-associated serious adverse events: Systematic review
Purpose: To identify the rate of serious adverse events attributable to yellow fever vaccination with 17D and 17DD strains reported in active and passive surveillance data. Methods: We conducted a...
Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the course of hepatitis C virus infection: A meta-analysis
Studies have shown that rates of liver disease are higher in persons who are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) than they are in persons...
Response rates to pegylated interferon and ribavirin in HCV/HIV coinfection: A research synthesis
Several recent trials have determined varying rates of response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (peg-IFN + RIB) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus-coinfected patients. We sought to identify a...
Effects of interferon-alpha treatment on the incidence of hyperglycemia in chronic hepatitis c patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: There is a significant association between effects of interferon-alpha treatment and the risk of developing hyperglycemia in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The objective of this...
Clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa and established standards of care: A systematic review of HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria trials
Context: The minimum standard of care required for participants in clinical trials conducted in resource-poor settings is a matter of controversy; international documents offer contradictory guidance. Objective: To determine whether...
An updated systematic review and meta-analysis on the treatment of active tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection
Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increases the risk of poor outcomes in active tuberculosis. We updated a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effects of duration of rifamycins, schedule...
Interferon-gamma release assays for active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in adults in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: The diagnostic value of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for active tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries is unclear. METHODS: We searched multiple databases for studies published through May 2010...
Meta-analysis: The association between HIV infection and extrapulmonary tuberculosis
BACKGROUND: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis has been an AIDS-defining condition. Individual studies that highlight the association between HIV and extrapulmonary TB are available. Our objectives were to synthesis evidence on the association...
Rifamycins (rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine) compared to isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in HIV-negative people at risk of active TB
Background: Preventing active tuberculosis (TB) from developing in people with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is important for global TB control. Isoniazid (INH) for six to nine months has 60% to...
Metaanalysis and metaregression in interpreting study variability in the impact of sexually transmitted diseases on susceptibility to HIV infection
Background: Observational studies examining the effects of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) on HIV susceptibility differ in the populations observed and in which “other STDs” are examined. The extent to...
