Category Archives: Co-morbidities
The causative agents in infective endocarditis: A systematic review comprising 33,214 cases
Infective endocarditis (IE) incidence remains high with considerable fatality rates; guidelines for prophylaxis against IE are currently under review in some settings which highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date epidemiological...
Pre-conception counselling for key cardiovascular conditions in Africa: Optimising pregnancy outcomes
The World Health Organisation (WHO) supports pre-conception care (PCC) towards improving health and pregnancy outcomes. PPC entails a continuum of promotive, preventative and curative health and social interventions. PPC identifies...
Carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in HIV-positive women: A meta-analysis from HPV infection to cervical cancer
Background.: Data on the relative carcinogenic potential of human papillomavirus (HPV) types among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WHIV) are needed to inform prevention programs for this population....
New treatment strategies for HIV-positive cancer patients undergoing antiblastic chemotherapy
INTRODUCTION: The introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) into clinical practice has dramatically changed the outcome of HIV-infected patients by prolonging their survival. The increase in life expectancy has...
Is there sufficient evidence for a causal association between antiretroviral therapy and diabetes in HIV-infected patients? A meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: The association of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with diabetes is inconsistent and varies widely across primary epidemiological studies. A comprehensive and more precise estimate of this association is fundamental to...
Prevalence and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in HIV-monoinfection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: to identify the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD, NASH and fibrosis in HIV-monoinfected patients. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched Medline and Embase and included studies...
Incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with HIV infection in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to investigate the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with HIV infection in African populations. SETTING: Only studies reporting data...
Association between immune markers and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease in HIV positive patients: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Chronic low-grade immune activation is likely one of the driving mechanisms. This systematic review provides an overview...
Respiratory symptoms in people living with HIV and the effect of antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly altered the pattern of acute and chronic HIV-related disease. However, it is not clear what this means in terms of respiratory symptoms. We sought...
Diagnostic value and safety of stereotactic biopsy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with intracranial lesions: Systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of stereotactic biopsy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with intracranial lesions via meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant cohort studies were identified through...
Association between diabetes mellitus and active tuberculosis in Africa and the effect of HIV
OBJECTIVE: To determine current evidence for the association between diabetes and active tuberculosis in Africa, and how HIV modifies, or not, any association between diabetes and active tuberculosis. METHODS: We...
