Category Archives: Co-morbidities
The effectiveness of probiotics for managing diarrhoea in people with HIV infection: A critically appraised topic
OBJECTIVES: The implications of HIV infection are vast. Management of clinical symptomatology, though, cannot be overshadowed by focus on disease management. These must be managed in concert. Diarrhoea, a common...
Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection
BACKGROUND: Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and children worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a condition...
Corticosteroid administration and outcome of adolescents and adults with acute bacterial meningitis: A meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the effect of the adjunctive administration of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute bacterial meningitis. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching several...
A review of premature frailty in HIV-infected persons; another manifestation of HIV-related accelerated aging
PURPOSE: HIV-related immunological and multisystem accelerated aging contributes to the premature occurrence of age-related comorbidities. Such non-AIDS-defining comorbidities include cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis and frailty, and are of increasing importance...
Treatment of severe or progressive Kaposi’s sarcoma in HIV-infected adults
Background: Kaposi’s sarcoma remains the most common cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa and the second most common cancer in HIV-infected patients worldwide. Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART),...
Drug-related hypertension and resistance to antihypertensive treatment: A call for action
Several drugs can cause hypertension and/or blunt the effect of antihypertensive treatment. They can exacerbate a previously well controlled hypertension and/or render it resistant to therapy. Accordingly, drugs represent a...
Health-related quality of life assessment in adult haemophilia patients: A systematic review and evaluation of instruments
The objective of this study was to review and evaluate the performance of health-related quality of life (HRQL) and other health status measures used in studies of adult haemophilia and...
A systematic review of risk factors for death in adults during and after tuberculosis treatment
BACKGROUND: Despite effective anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, case-fatality rates of up to 25% are described in both industrialised and resource-poor settings. An understanding of the factors predisposing to poor outcome may allow...
HIV infection and sexual risk behaviour among youth who have experienced orphanhood: Systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Previous research has suggested that orphaned children and adolescents might have elevated risk for HIV infection. We examined the state of evidence regarding the association between orphan status and...
