Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health
The burden of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis in older adults in the United States: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Increases in life expectancy, the availability of sexual performance enhancing medication, and changes in sexual partnering suggest that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among older persons could be on the...
Does engagement in HIV care affect screening, diagnosis, and control of noncommunicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa? A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: Low- and middle-income countries are facing a growing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Providing HIV treatment may also provide opportunities to increase access to NCD services in under-resourced environments....
Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection among HIV PrEP users: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Objectives: To summarise the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) and antibiotic-resistant MG infection among HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Global Index Medicus up to 30...
Association between integrase strand transfer inhibitor use with insulin resistance and incident diabetes mellitus in persons living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Whether integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) than other antiretroviral therapies (ART) needs to be established. MEDLINE, Embase,...
Pharmacotherapeutic interventions in people living with HIV undergoing solid organ transplantation: A scoping review
The pharmacotherapeutic management of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) undergoing solid organ transplantation (SOT) is clinically challenging, mainly due to the frequent occurrence of complex drug-drug interactions. Although various strategies...
Epidemiologic evidence on the role of Lactobacillus iners in sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis: A series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Although Lactobacillus crispatus -dominated vaginal microbiotas are thought to protect against bacterial vaginosis (BV) and sexually transmitted infections, the role of Lactobacillus iners -dominated microbiotas is less clear. To better...
Association of apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 and cognitive impairment in adults living with human immunodeficiency virus: A meta-analysis
Background: It is controversial whether the apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (APOE ε4) is a risk gene for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related neurocognitive impairment. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize evidence of...
Adult HIV-1 incidence across 15 high-burden countries in sub-Saharan Africa from 2015 to 2019: A pooled analysis of nationally representative data
Background Harmonised population-based surveys with recent HIV-1 infection testing algorithms permit pooled cross-sectional estimation of HIV incidence across multiple countries. We aimed to estimate adult HIV-1 incidence rates and number...
Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among pregnant women in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective To estimate prevalence of HIV infection in Nigeria and to examine variations by geopolitical zones and study characteristics to inform policy, practice and research. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of...
The burden of Pneumocystis pneumonia infection among HIV patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a leading cause of death among patients with AIDS worldwide, but its burden is difficult to estimate in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. This systematic...
Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with antiretroviral therapy in women living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Maternal HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends immediate initiation of lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people...
