Category Archives: Epidemiology

Although the relationship between HIV and mental health is well-established, limited research has focused on the available interventions for adults living with HIV (ALWH), particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)...

Background: Oral, oropharyngeal, and esophageal candidiasis are common forms of mucosal candidiasis (MC) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLWHA). Despite differences in infection sites, oral, oropharyngeal, and...

INTRODUCTION: The field of HIV/STI prevention research has primarily focused on gay men, leaving bisexual men overshadowed in broader discussions on sexual minority men’s health. Although also at increased risk...

Syphilis incidence continues to rise substantially among men who have sex with men (MSM), people living with HIV (PLWH), newborns, and women of reproductive age, despite preventive measures and available...

Background The utility of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is being challenged by growing HIV drug resistance (HIVDR). Although simulation modelling is useful for...

Cytomegalovirus retinitis has remained an alarming and potentially vision-threatening opportunistic disease in the population living with HIV, especially in cases of extreme immunosuppression. Although the introduction of antiretroviral therapy has...

Background Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is an emerging non-communicable complication among children living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, where paediatric HIV burden remains high. However,...

Introduction The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, along with maternal antiretroviral treatment, to reduce the risk of HIV transmission to infants and promote their...

PURPOSE: We conducted a scoping review to map peer-reviewed literature on HIV research concerning sexual minority women (SMW). METHODS: Following guidance from Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Preferred Reporting...

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic comorbidities are significant health challenges for older people living with HIV (PLHIV). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing evidence and provide the pooled prevalence of...

Background Cryptosporidium spp. is a major opportunistic pathogens in HIV/AIDS patients, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in HIV/AIDS management, the global burden, genetic diversity, and risk factors...

BACKGROUND: HIV genetic diversity has increased over time, with recombinant forms becoming more prevalent and complicating subtype classification and surveillance, particularly in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs). Accurate subtyping is critical...