Category Archives: Epidemiology

Maternal inflammatory and microbial drivers of low birthweight in low- and middle-income countries

2024

BACKGROUND: Low birthweight (LBW) is when an infant is born too soon or too small, and it affects one in seven infants in low- and middle-income countries. LBW has a...

Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis among African children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

BACKGROUND: Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) is one of the major causes of diarrhea among children. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of G. duodenalis and...

Magnitude of consistent condom use and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: Implication for reducing infections and re-infection. A systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

BACKGROUND: The human immune virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is a major threat to the health of millions of people worldwide. In Ethiopia, there were more than a million...

The impact of HIV upon the PCI results: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to comprehensively evaluate the latest evidences and summarise the impact of HIV on PCI outcomes. A PRISMA guided literature search was...

The spectrum of health conditions in community-based cross-sectional surveys in Southeast Asia 2010–21: A scoping review

2024

Background Southeast Asia is undergoing an epidemiological transition with non-communicable illnesses becoming increasingly important, yet infectious diseases (tuberculosis, HIV, hepatitis B, malaria) remain widely prevalent in some populations, while emerging...

Seropositivity of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

Background: Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, a food- and water-borne zoonotic protozoan parasite that is able to infect almost all warm-blooded vertebrates. It has a major effect...

Acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis syndrome in HIV-infected patients: A systematic review

2024

Congenital epidermodysplasia verruciformis (CEV) is a Genodermatosis linked to different inheritance patterns and mutations of the EVER1/TMC6 and EVER2/TMC8 genes. There is an acquired form (AEV) associated with immunodeficiency states,...

HIV PrEP coverage among Black adults: A concept analysis of the inequities, disparities, and implications

2024

BACKGROUND: Significant racial disparities exist in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage in the United States (U.S), with Black individuals experiencing seven times higher new HIV infection rates compared to their...

Diagnostic prediction model for tuberculous meningitis: An individual participant data meta-analysis

2024

No accurate and rapid diagnostic test exists for tuberculous meningitis (TBM), leading to delayed diagnosis. We leveraged data from multiple studies to improve the predictive performance of diagnostic models across...

Hypertension among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

We perfWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of hypertension in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, African Index...

Using machine learning models to plan HIV services: Emerging opportunities in design, implementation and evaluation

2024

HIV/AIDS remains one of the world’s most significant public health and economic challenges, with approximately 36 million people currently living with the disease. Considerable progress has been made to reduce...

Systematic review of prevalence of histoplasma antigenuria in persons with HIV in Latin America and Africa

2024

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease associated with substantial mortality rates among persons with advanced HIV disease. Our systematic review synthesized data on the global prevalence of Histoplasma–caused antigenuria in persons...

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