Category Archives: Epidemiology
Impact of maternal HIV infection on perinatal outcomes: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Maternal HIV infection remains a significant global health concern with potential repercussions on perinatal outcomes. Emphasis on early intervention to improve peri- and postnatal outcomes in infected mothers and...
Comparative risk of adverse perinatal outcomes associated with classes of antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women living with HIV: Systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended by World Health Organisation as preferred first-line regimen in pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)...
Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010–2023—A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background Male circumcision (MC) is a key part of the package of interventions to prevent HIV, the biggest health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective To estimate the male circumcision prevalence...
Risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis recurrence, relapse and reinfection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: The rate of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) recurrence is substantial. Identifying risk factors can support the development of prevention strategies. METHODS: We retrieved studies published between 1 January 1980 and...
Suicidal ideation, attempt, and its associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis study
BACKGROUND: WHO statistics show that someone attempts suicide every three seconds and commits suicide every 40 seconds somewhere in the world. There is a scarcity of aggregate evidence in Ethiopia....
Mortality of children and adolescents co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective: Children and adolescents with HIV infection are well-known to face a heightened risk of tuberculosis. However, the exact mortality rates and temporal trends of those with HIV-TB co-infection remain unclear....
Effect of mass treatment on the long-term prevalence of gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis—A systematic review
Background: Selective mass treatment of STIs may lead to a durable reduction in the prevalence of STIs or a temporary reduction associated with an increased probability of antimicrobial resistance emerging. Methods: We...
Prevalence of delayed treatment for sexually transmitted infections and its determinants in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infection is a common public health issue, and it is characteristically transmitted through sexual intercourse. Around the globe, particularly in less developed countries, delayed treatment of this...
Epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies of HIV, HPV, and other sexually transmitted infections among cisgender and transgender youth: A narrative review
Adolescents face an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with alarming data especially concerning HIV. Limited data exists for teenagers regarding the influence of their gender identity (GI)...
Global prevalence, mortality, and main characteristics of HIV-associated pneumocystosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
The epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-associated pneumocystosis (HAP) is poorly described on a worldwide scale. We searched related databases between January 2000 and December 2022 for studies reporting HAP....
