Category Archives: Epidemiology

Climate change and extreme weather events and linkages with HIV outcomes: Recent advances and ways forward

2025

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Discuss the recent evidence on climate change and related extreme weather events (EWE) and linkages with HIV prevention and care outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: We identified 22 studies...

Growth and body composition of adolescents and young adults with perinatal HIV infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Introduction: Approximately 1.3 million pregnancies are exposed to HIV perinatally each year, with transmission rates ranging from 4 to 21%, despite 85% antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among pregnant women. While ART...

The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in the oral mucosae of HIV-positive individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Papillomaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses, and it is essential to clarify their genotypic distribution for their effective prevention and clinical management. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence...

Prevalence of late HIV diagnosis and its impact on mortality: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Objectives: The late diagnosis of HIV infection plays a crucial role in accelerating the disease progression and increasing the risk of death in the HIV population. However, there remains no consensus...

Prevalence and predictors of virological failure among the people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in East Africa: Evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression of published studies from 2016 to 2023

2025

Background: Virological failure (VF) significantly threatens the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in East Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the prevalence and predictors of VF among individuals living...

HIV risk score and prediction model in the United States: A scoping review

2025

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health issue in the U.S., affecting approximately 1.2 million individuals, many of whom are unaware of their infection status. This study reviews predictors...

Global prevalence of advanced HIV disease in healthcare settings: A rapid review

2025

Introduction Recent studies have indicated a high enduring burden of advanced HIV disease, but estimates across regions and settings are lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate the...

Comprehensive coronary CT angiography in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

OBJECTIVES: People living with HIV (PLWH) were previously shown to have a higher prevalence of non-calcified coronary plaque with discrepant results for coronary stenosis and any plaque prevalence. This systematic...

Depressive symptoms and its determinants among people living with HIV in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Background: In Africa, depressive symptoms are prevalent among people living with HIV (PLHIV), significantly impacting their adherence and overall quality of life. The combined burden of HIV and depressive symptoms worsens...

Prevalence of HIV/syphilis co-infection among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are key populations for HIV and syphilis infection, and co-infection with both diseases significantly increases health risks. However, the co-infection of HIV/syphilis...

Urgent focus on the surgical risks of people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

With the widespread promotion and application of antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice, people living with HIV (PLWH) have the potential to live as long as non-HIV people and the probability...

Multidrug resistance tuberculosis in the context of co-infection in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2025

The rise of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a critical public health challenge, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of...

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