Category Archives: Epidemiology

Background: Poor adherence to oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) diminishes its clinical and public health benefits. This study synthesises evidence regarding discontinuation, adherence, and reinitiation of PrEP among geographically diverse PrEP...

Background: Global antiretroviral therapy has entered a new era. Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) has become the first choice in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatment. Because INSTI has high antiviral efficacy,...

This paper has aimed to review the available evidence on the association between Interleukin (IL) -10 -1082G/A, -592C/A gene polymorphisms and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1) infection. The data...

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection is a major public health problem in developing countries among immunocompromized populations where there are limited health-care services. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are...

In the early 1990s, several observational studies determined that genital ulcer disease (GUD), in either the index or the exposed person, facilitates HIV transmission. Several meta-analyses have since presented associated...

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine use in men who have sex with men population is significantly higher than that in the general population. Meth use can cause high-risk sexual behaviors, such as having...

Background: Since 2011, WHO has recommended that HIV-positive inpatients be routinely screened for tuberculosis with the WHO four-symptom screen (W4SS) and, if screened positive, receive a molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic test...

BACKGROUND: As the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases, the issue of treatment failure is still a global challenge, particularly in a resource limited settings including Ethiopia. The results of...

Background: The identification and appropriate management of people with advanced HIV disease is a key component in the HIV response. People with HIV who are hospitalised are at a higher risk...

INTRODUCTION: Although HIV continues to have a high prevalence among adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCD) such as diabetes and hypertension is increasing rapidly. There...

Objective: We systematically investigated the prevalence of HPV, high-risk HPV and its genotypes in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WLHIV) in Brazil. Methods: A systematic search was performed up to 15...

Condomless sex is the most proximal risk for HIV acquisition among female sex workers (FSWs). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence for the prevalence of...