Category Archives: Epidemiology
Geospatial indicators of space and place: A review of multilevel studies of HIV prevention and care outcomes among young men who have sex with men in the United States
Young men who have sex with men (YMSM), particularly YMSM who are racial/ethnic minorities, are disproportionately affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in the United States. These HIV...
How should HIV resources be allocated? Lessons learnt from applying Optima HIV in 23 countries
INTRODUCTION: With limited funds available, meeting global health targets requires countries to both mobilize and prioritize their health spending. Within this context, countries have recognized the importance of allocating funds...
Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review
The burden of tuberculosis (TB) among adolescents and young adults in endemic settings is poorly characterised. This study aimed to review published and unpublished estimates of the incidence and prevalence...
Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the global population with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the concept has been raised that people with HIV are at risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of HIV infection. However, much remains...
Prevalence and etiologies of pulmonary hypertension in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Despite the recent increasing worldwide attention towards pulmonary hypertension (PH), its epidemiology remains poorly described in Africa. Accordingly, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of PH prevalence, incidence...
Mortality and its predictors among HIV infected patients taking antiretroviral treatment in Ethiopia: A systematic review
Background: Even though the benefit of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is well established, there is a regional variation in the extent of its benefit. The aim of this review is to...
Review of toxoplasmosis in Morocco: Seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasma infection among pregnant women and HIV- infected patients
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by a protozoal parasite: Toxoplasma gondii. This infection can cause severe illness when the organism is contracted congenitally or when it is reactivated in immunosuppressed...
Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV in Africa: Re-emerging challenges not to be forgotten
Background: The current challenge in managing people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV) includes the identification and monitoring for comorbid health risks associated with HIV and its treatment and longer...
Reduced bone mineral density in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: A meta-analysis of its prevalence and risk factors
A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis in HIV-infected and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated individuals was significantly higher...
Human papillomavirus types from infection to cancer in the anus, according to sex and HIV status: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Data on carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the anus are needed to inform anal cancer prevention through vaccination and screening. This is particularly the case for people...
