Category Archives: Determinants of Health
Social relationships and the progression of human immunodeficiency virus infection: A review of evidence and possible underlying mechanisms
We review studies examining the quality and quantity of social relationships as potential risk factors for differential progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Several well-conducted prospective studies suggest that...
Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV
Background: Adequate nutrition is important for optimal immune and metabolic function. Dietary support may, therefore, improve clinical outcomes in HIV-infected individuals by reducing the incidence of HIV-associated complications and attenuating...
Prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections among long-distance truck drivers in China: A data synthesis and meta-analysis
By 2009, 46 national sentinel surveillance sites had been established for long-distance truck drivers (LDTDs) in China, but the overall disease burden of HIV and syphilis among LDTDs has remained...
Redressing the epidemics of opioid overdose and HIV among people who inject drugs in Central Asia: The need for a syndemic approach
BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that opioid overdose and HIV infection are burgeoning intertwined epidemics among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Central Asia. To date, however, research on overdose and...
Understanding structural barriers to accessing HIV testing and prevention services among black men who have sex with men (BMSM) in the United States
Structural-level factors have contributed to the substantial disproportionate rates of HIV among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) in the United States. Despite insufficient HIV testing patterns, however,...
Barriers and facilitating factors to the uptake of antiretroviral drugs for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
OBJECTIVES: To investigate and synthesize reasons for low access, initiation and adherence to antiretroviral drugs by mothers and exposed babies for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in sub-Saharan...
Estimating HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of transgender persons in the United States: A systematic review
Transgender populations in the United States have been impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This systematic review estimates the prevalence of HIV infection and risk behaviors of transgender persons. Comprehensive searches...
Livelihood security and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in low and middle income settings: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: We sought to examine the association between livelihood security and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ARVs) in low- and middle-income countries (LIMC). METHODS: Performing a systematic review, we searched, independently...
Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy in Spain: A meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the percentage of adherence to highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Spanish observational studies and to identify the variables associated with adherence. METHODS: Seven electronic databases were used...
Impact of HIV and sexual health education on the sexual behaviour of young people: A review update
To assess the effects of HIV/AIDS and sexual health education on young peoples sexual behaviour, a comprehensive literature review was commissioned by the Department of Policy, Strategy, and Research of...
