Category Archives: Determinants of Health

A realist review of infant feeding counselling to increase exclusive breastfeeding by HIV-positive women in sub Saharan-Africa: What works for whom and in what contexts

2019

BACKGROUND: The most recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and infant feeding promotes exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in resource limited settings for the prevention of mother...

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness and acceptability among trans women: a review

2019

Transgender (trans) women are disproportionally burdened by the HIV epidemic due to complex structural, psychosocial and biological factors. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a biomedical prevention approach for people at...

Violence and sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy

2019

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the knowledge produced in studies about the association between violence and STI during pregnancy. METHODS: In this systematic review, we conducted basic activities of identification, compilation, and...

How does hard-to-reach status affect antiretroviral therapy adherence in the HIV-infected population? Results from a meta-analysis of observational studies

2019

BACKGROUND: Socially disadvantaged groups, such as drug users, sex workers and homeless individuals, are labelled as “hard-to-reach” (HTR) in public health and medical research. HIV disproportionately impacts these populations, but...

A systematic review of multi-level stigma interventions: State of the science and future directions

2019

BACKGROUND: Researchers have long recognized that stigma is a global, multi-level phenomenon requiring intervention approaches that target multiple levels including individual, interpersonal, community, and structural levels. While existing interventions have...

Implementation science and stigma reduction interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

2019

BACKGROUND: Interventions to alleviate stigma are demonstrating effectiveness across a range of conditions, though few move beyond the pilot phase, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Implementation science offers...

Stigma as experienced by children of HIV-positive parents: A narrative review

2019

This narrative review examines the effects on children of stigma by association with an HIV-positive parent. It expands on previous reviews by including all HIV-affected children, whether orphaned or living...

Mental health and substance use in HIV-infected adolescents

2018

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adolescents with HIV include both those infected perinatally and behaviourally. This population is confronted by normative challenges and HIV stressors as they move towards becoming increasingly independent...

Preventing sexually transmitted and blood borne infections (STBBIs) among sex workers: A critical review of the evidence on determinants and interventions in high-income countries

2019

BACKGROUND: Across diverse regions globally, sex workers continue to face a disproportionate burden of HIV and other sexually transmitted and blood borne infections (STBBIs). Evidence suggests that behavioural and biomedical...

The impact of location on implementation of HIV/STI prevention interventions among LGBTQ communities

2019

Key take-home messages The characteristics of a location, including segregation, community-level stigma, and infrastructural resources, may influence HIV service utilization and the HIV continuum of care among men who have...

Access to sexual and reproductive health services for women living with HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean: Systematic review of the literature

2019

INTRODUCTION: Systematic reviews show that women living with HIV (WLHIV) have high unmet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs due to barriers to access sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS)....

Can mental health treatments help prevent or reduce intimate partner violence in low- and middle-income countries? A systematic review

2019

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological research suggests an interrelationship between mental health problems and the (re)occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV). However, little is known about the impact of mental health treatments on...

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