Category Archives: Determinants of Health
A meta-analysis of disclosure of one’s HIV-positive status, stigma and social support
This study provides an analysis of the relationships among perceived stigma, reported disclosure and perceived social support for those living with HIV. The meta-analytic summary of 21 studies (4,104 participants)...
Mental health outcomes in HIV and childhood maltreatment: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: High rates of childhood maltreatment have been documented in HIV-positive men and women. In addition, mental disorders are highly prevalent in both HIV-infected individuals and victims of childhood maltreatment....
Evaluating HIV/AIDS disparities for blacks in the United States: A review of antiretroviral and mortality studies
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify studies that evaluated HIV/AIDS disparities by examining differences in the receipt of antiretroviral therapy and differences in mortality between blacks and...
Systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of assisted reproduction techniques in couples serodiscordant for human immunodeficiency virus where the man is positive
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serodiscordant couples. Design: Systematic review of five databases of noncomparative open intervention and...
Secrets and safety in the age of AIDS: Does HIV disclosure lead to safer sex?
To fuel the HIV/AIDS epidemic, HIV-seropositive individuals must interact unsafely with HIV-seronegative individuals. Research indicates that up to one third of individuals diagnosed with HIV continue to have unprotected sex,...
A systematic review of health system barriers and enablers for antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected pregnant and postpartum women
BACKGROUND: Despite global progress in the fight to reduce maternal mortality, HIV-related maternal deaths remain persistently high, particularly in much of Africa. Lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) appears to be the...
Correlates and predictors of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: Overview of published literature
Knowledge of factors associated with medication adherence could help HIV clinicians to target persons in need of intervention, design these interventions, and help researchers to plan studies of adherence. This...
The uptake of integrated perinatal prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: The objective of this review was to assess the uptake of WHO recommended integrated perinatal prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV interventions in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS...
The impact of different models of specialist palliative care on patients’ quality of life: A systematic literature review
This study set out to systematically review the research evidence about the impact of alternative models of specialist palliative care on the quality of life of patients. Eighty-six relevant papers...
Complementary and alternative medicine use among HIV-positive people: Research synthesis and implications for HIV care
Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is prevalent among HIV-positive individuals despite the success of antiretroviral treatments and limited evidence of CAM’s safety and efficacy. To characterize the potential...
Neurocognitive impairment in HIV-1-infected adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the burden of HIV neurocognitive impairment (NCI) among adult patients on and off antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Estimates were derived from a random effects...
