Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Hydrocephalus is a common, life threatening complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related central nervous system opportunistic infection which can be treated by insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS). In...
Prevalence estimates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among visceral leishmaniasis infected people in Northwest Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: In Ethiopia, by the end of 2018, an estimated 690,000 people are infected with HIV and the annual cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is estimated to be between 4000...
Neurocysticercosis and HIV Infection: What can we learn from the published literature?
OBJECTIVE: Infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and by the larvae of Taenia solium (i.e., cysticercosis) are still widespread in many developing countries. Both pathologies modify host immune...
The relationship between minority stress and biological outcomes: A systematic review
Sexual minority (non-heterosexual) individuals experience higher rates of physical health problems. Minority stress has been the primary explanatory model to account for this disparity. The purpose of this study was...
Do combination HIV prevention programmes result in increased empowerment, inclusion and agency to demand equal rights for marginalised populations in low-income and middle-income countries? A systematic review
Introduction: This systematic review aims to determine if combination HIV prevention programmes include outcome measures for empowerment, inclusion and agency to demand equal rights and measure the relationship between empowerment...
A client-centered relational framework on barriers to the integration of HIV and substance use services: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Given the close connection between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and substance use disorder (SUD), access to integrated HIV and SUD services is critical for individuals experiencing both challenges...
The PrEP care continuum and black men who have sex with men: A scoping review of published data on awareness, uptake, adherence, and retention in PrEP care
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has demonstrated high efficacy to reduce HIV infections, however, racial/ethnic HIV disparities continue among black MSM. The purpose of this review was to assess available data to...
Household-focused interventions to enhance the treatment and management of HIV in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review
BACKGROUND: HIV remains a major public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The initiation of a greater number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) onto antiretroviral therapy...
Acceptance of opt-out HIV screening in outpatient settings in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: In the United States, about 15% of persons living with HIV infection do not know they are infected. Opt-out HIV screening aims to normalize HIV testing by performing an...
Different transmission routes and the risk of advanced HIV disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of observational studies
Background: A substantial proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) present for care with advanced HIV disease (AHD), which may result in difficulty reaching the “90-90-90” target to end AIDS...
Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy adherence in adults: An integrative review of literature
AIDS is an advanced clinical manifestation of HIV infection. It generates severe immunodeficiency and associated infections that may lead to death. The antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced the morbimortality of...
