Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health
Discussing the effects of poor health literacy on patients facing HIV: A narrative literature review
2015
BACKGROUND: Scholars describe poor health literacy as a “silent epidemic,” which is challenging the functioning of healthcare systems all over the world. Health literacy is mainly meant as an individual...
The safety of hormonal contraceptives for women living with HIV and their sexual partners
2016
BACKGROUND: Hormonal contraceptives are important for the health and well-being of some women living with HIV, so evaluation of evidence regarding their safety vis-a-vis HIV-related risks is important. METHODS: We...
Equity in utilization of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected people in South Africa: A systematic review
2014
INTRODUCTION: About half a million people in South Africa are deprived of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and there is little systematic knowledge on who they are – e.g. by severity of...
The cost and cost-effectiveness of gender-responsive interventions for HIV: A systematic review
2014
INTRODUCTION: Harmful gender norms and inequalities, including gender-based violence, are important structural barriers to effective HIV programming. We assess current evidence on what forms of gender-responsive intervention may enhance the...
Interventions for improving employment outcomes for workers with HIV
2015
BACKGROUND: The vast majority of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are adults of working age. Therefore unemployment and job loss resulting from HIV infection are major public health...
Hispanics/Latinos and the HIV continuum of care in the Southern USA: A qualitative review of the literature, 2002-2013
2014
Hispanics/Latinos are disproportionately affected by HIV infection, but access HIV care less often than non-Hispanic whites in the USA. The majority of new HIV diagnoses among Hispanics/Latinos occur in the...
Vitamin D and osteoporosis in HIV/HCV coinfected patients: A literature review
2015
Vitamin D deficiency further increases the risk of osteoporosis in HIV-positive patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV); however, it is still unclear whether HCV-related increased fracture risk is a...
A systematic review of the clinical and social epidemiological research among sex workers in Uganda
2015
BACKGROUND: In response to the high burden of disease among sex workers and their position as a population heavily affected by the HIV epidemic, there has been a growing body...
Global burden of HIV among men who engage in transactional sex: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2013
BACKGROUND: Men who engage in transactional sex, the exchange of sex for money, goods, or other items of value, are thought to be at increased risk of HIV, but there...
A systematic review of individual and contextual factors affecting ART initiation, adherence, and retention for HIV-infected pregnant and postpartum women
2014
BACKGROUND: Despite progress reducing maternal mortality, HIV-related maternal deaths remain high, accounting, for example, for up to 24 percent of all pregnancy-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is...
HIV, HCV, and health-related harms among women who inject drugs: Implications for prevention and treatment
2015
BACKGROUND: Although an estimated 3.5 million women inject drugs globally, women are outnumbered 4 to one by men who inject drugs and are often ignored or overlooked in the development...
Latinos in the United States on the HIV/AIDS care continuum by birth country/region: A systematic review of the literature
2015
Twenty percent of Latinos with HIV in the US are unaware of their HIV status, 33% are linked to care late, and 74% do not reach viral suppression. Disparities along...
