Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and treatment outcomes among conflict-affected and forcibly displaced populations: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Optimal adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is required to promote viral suppression and to prevent disease progression and mortality. Forcibly displaced and conflict-affected populations may face challenges...
HIV prevalence in China: Integration of surveillance data and a systematic review
BACKGROUND: Asian HIV epidemics are concentrated among particular behavioural groups, but large variations exist in epidemic types, timing, and geographical spread between countries and within countries, especially in China. We...
The effectiveness of opioid maintenance treatment in prison settings: A systematic review
AIMS: To review evidence on the effectiveness of opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) in prison and post-release. METHODS: Systematic review of experimental and observational studies of prisoners receiving OMT regarding treatment...
Hormonal contraception decreases bacterial vaginosis but oral contraception may increase candidiasis: Implications for HIV transmission
OBJECTIVE: A 2012 WHO consultation concluded that combined oral contraception (COC) does not increase HIV acquisition in women, but the evidence for depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is conflicting. We evaluated...
Association between knowledge of HIV-positive status or use of antiretroviral therapy and high-risk transmission behaviors: Systematic review
To systematically review the evidence on the association between knowledge of HIV-positive status or use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and high-risk transmission behaviors, we searched Ovid MEDLINE from 2004 to...
The measurement of spirituality in palliative care and the content of tools validated cross-culturally: A systematic review
CONTEXT: Despite the need to assess spiritual outcomes in palliative care, little is known about the properties of the tools currently used to do so. In addition, measures of spirituality...
Experiences integrating delivery of maternal and child health services with childhood immunization programs: Systematic review update
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund promote integration of maternal and child health (MCH) and immunization services as a strategy to strengthen immunization programs. We...
Treatment of syphilis in HIV-infected subjects: A systematic review of the literature
Background: The optimal antimicrobial regimen to treat syphilis in HIV-infected subjects remains controversial. Objective To systematically assess the literature for studies evaluating syphilis treatment regimens in this population. Methods: Two...
Social support and HIV-related risk behaviors: A systematic review of the global literature
Existing empirical evidence has well documented the role of social support in both physical and psychological well-being among various populations. In the context of HIV prevention, the rapid increase of...
A critical literature review to identify possible causes of higher rates of HIV infection among young black and Latino men who have sex with men
Black and Latino young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV infection; however, the reason for this disparity is unclear. To identify possible causes of...
