Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health

The prevalence of smoking among people living with HIV (PLWH) is higher than in the general population, and PLWH who smoke are at increased risk of both smoking- and HIV-related...

Background Cryptosporidium spp. is a major opportunistic pathogens in HIV/AIDS patients, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in HIV/AIDS management, the global burden, genetic diversity, and risk factors...

Background Sub-Saharan Africa faces a syndemic of HIV and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly diabetes and hypertension. Integrated care models have been promoted to improve service efficiency and patient outcomes; however,...

Condom use remains a crucial preventive measure for individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the fight against HIV/AIDS. This review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of condom...

OBJECTIVE: Area-based measures of socioeconomic status (SES) are increasingly used to study health disparities among people living with HIV (PLWH), with wide variation in how they are defined and applied...

Women and girls in Sub-Saharan Africa remain disproportionately affected by HIV. HIV care strategies can significantly reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Women living with HIV (WLHIV) often...

Introduction Children and adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) continue to face significant barriers to diagnosis, treatment adherence, retention in care and psychosocial support, despite progress in prevention...

Women account for 59% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection cases in sub-Saharan Africa. This impacts the increase in mother-to-child HIV transmission rates and presents challenges to preventive care for...

PURPOSE: To comprehensively integrate qualitative findings on the reasons for late diagnosis in HIV/AIDS patients and to encourage timely clinic consultations for advisory purposes. METHODS: A qualitative systematic review utilizing...

Community responses are essential to achieving the global goal of Ending AIDS by 2030, yet men who have sex with men (MSM) remain underrepresented and often tokenized within HIV initiatives....

OBJECTIVES: Japan’s growing migrant population has increased the need for HIV services usable across linguistic, administrative and social circumstances. We reviewed evidence on access to HIV testing and care among...

INTRODUCTION: The United States Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative was always challenged by structural and implementation barriers to HIV care. On top of that, since 2025, there are additional...