Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health

Purpose of review: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic GI inflammatory condition induced by a dysregulated immune system activation, whereas HIV infection causes depletion of the immune system, inducing immunosuppression....

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding improves child survival but is a source of mother-to-child HIV transmission among women with unsuppressed HIV infection. Estimated HIV incidence in children is sensitive to breastfeeding duration among...

Black/African American women represent 54% of new HIV cases among all women in the United States, face higher rates of morbidity and mortality, and are often understudied. The patient-provider relationship...

INTRODUCTION: Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) has great importance in reducing viral load. Though a global effort was made to suppress viral load, the level of viral load suppression among ART patients...

BACKGROUND: Black ethnic groups are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This review aimed to identify interventions designed to increase engagement with sexual healthcare among people of Black ethnicity...

BACKGROUND: Strategies pertaining to HIV and sexual health for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) have shifted focus towards underrepresented subgroups within some developed Western...

Background Dyslipidemia is responsible for more than half of the global ischemic heart disease (IHD) and more than 4 million deaths annually. Assessing the prevalence of dyslipidemia can be crucial...

Background There is no systematic review on the prevalence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in Iran. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of HIVDR among people living with HIV (PLHIV)...

Background Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have high stillbirth rates compared with high-income countries, yet research on risk factors for stillbirth in SSA remain scant. Objectives To identify the modifiable risk...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: People with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally are disproportionately affected by obesity, with prevalence rates highest among women with HIV. The purpose of this review...

The adverse effects of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using tenofovir disoproxil fumarate are barriers to PrEP initiation and continuation. Although serious effects are rare and predictable, evidence for this assessment...

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major public health concern, particularly in Africa where HIV rates remain substantial. Pregnant women are at an increased risk of acquiring HIV, which...