Category Archives: Neurocognitive disorders
Cognitive impairment in children and adolescents living with perinatal HIV disease in the ART era: A meta-analysis
Background Despite improved survival and overall health outcomes from modern antiretroviral therapy (ART), children and adolescents living with HIV are facing pervasive impairments in neurodevelopment including cognitive impairment, but there...
The cognitive remediation of attention in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): A meta-analysis and systematic review
Background: Despite medical advances in Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), patients living with HIV continue to be at risk for developing HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The optimization of non-HAART interventions,...
Understanding the impact of congenital infections and perinatal viral exposures on the developing brain using white matter magnetic resonance imaging: A scoping review
Background Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based imaging techniques are useful for assessing white matter (WM) structural and microstructural integrity in the context of infection and inflammation. The purpose of this scoping...
Multimodal approach to neurocognitive function in people living with HIV in the cART era: A comprehensive review
Combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) has revolutionized the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and has markedly improved the disease burden and life expectancy of people living with HIV. HIV enters...
Molecular role of HIV-1 human receptors (CCL5-CCR5 Axis) in neuroAIDS: A systematic review
Chronic HIV-1 infection can cause neurological illness, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The elevated level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as C-C Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5/RANTES), is...
HIV associated neurocognitive disorder screening and diagnosis pathways in Australia: A scoping review and international implications
Symptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a complication of HIV (cognitive impairment, difficulties with everyday functioning). If detected early, interventions assist with optimizing care, avoiding rapid decline and enhancing coping....
Transactivator of transcription (Tat)-induced neuroinflammation as a key pathway in neuronal dysfunction: A scoping review
The activity of HIV-1 and its viral proteins within the central nervous system (CNS) is responsible for a wide array of neuropathological effects, resulting in a spectrum of neurocognitive deficits...
Recent advances in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: A focus on older adults and sub-Saharan Africa
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We reviewed recent literature on prevalence and interventional approaches for cognitive impairment in the context of HIV infection alongside current controversies and challenges around its nomenclature, screening,...
The relationship between HIV-1 neuroinflammation, neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis pathology: A systematic review of studies investigating post-mortem brain tissue
The activities of HIV-1 in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for a dysregulated neuroinflammatory response and the subsequent development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The use of post-mortem...
The prognosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV/AIDS patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral treatment: A systematic review
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS), is most commonly associated with advanced HIV infection. Although the severe neurological conditions—PML and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy...
