Category Archives: Population(s)
Can ChatGPT match physicians in the diagnosis, triage, management and prevention of infectious diseases? A scoping review
INTRODUCTION: The global burden of infectious diseases (ID), combined with a shortage of ID specialists, continues to challenge healthcare systems worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models such as...
Effectiveness of HIV status disclosure interventions among children and adolescents in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Appropriate pediatric HIV status disclosure remains a public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review aims to describe the existing pediatric HIV disclosure interventions in LMICs...
Facilitators and barriers to cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV: A systematic review of qualitative studies
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that 58% of new cervical cancer cases worldwide occur among women living with HIV. However, compared with HIV-negative women, this population has significantly poorer access to healthcare...
Barriers and facilitators to STI and HIV testing among African and Caribbean heritage communities in high-income countries mapped to the behaviour change wheel: A scoping review
Background: African and Caribbean communities in high-income countries face disproportionate sexually transmitted infection (STI) risks. In the US, the gonorrhoea rate among non-Hispanic Blacks is 7.7 times greater than that among...
Choosing between dual and three-drug antiretroviral therapy in aging and comorbid people with HIV: A narrative review
The widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV infection into a chronic condition, with life expectancy of people with HIV (PWH) approaching that of the general population when...
Dysregulated metabolism in people living with HIV in the modern ART-era: A systematic review of targeted metabolomics studies
HIV remains a significant public health issue, with 1.3 million new infections and 630,000 deaths annually, and 40.8 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally in 2024. Although antiretroviral therapy...
Maternal-to-child-transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in maternal preterm premature rupture of the membranes: A systematic review
Aim: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) in the context of maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection poses a significant clinical dilemma, as clinicians must balance the risks of prematurity with...
Determinants of cardiovascular disease risk among LGBTQ+ populations: A systematic review of empirical evidence
BACKGROUND: Understanding the multifactorial drivers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in LGBTQ+ populations is critical to advancing equitable cardiovascular care. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and synthesize empirical evidence on factors influencing...
The benefit of physical exercise in improving quality of life, VO(2) max and sleep quality among older adults living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Older adults living with HIV face multiple health challenges, yet evidence on the impact of exercise on their well-being remains limited. Regular physical activity is known to have multiple benefits...
Maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of additional dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in HIV-positive pregnancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis
PURPOSE: This systematic review evaluates the addition of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) in HIV-positive pregnancies, focusing on its effects on malaria infection, maternal adverse...
Artificial intelligence for predicting antiretroviral therapy outcomes in people living with HIV: A systematic review of predictive models, predictors and clinical readiness
BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL) and other predictive modelling approaches are increasingly applied to predict antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes among people living with HIV, yet their methodological robustness...
