Category Archives: Population(s)
Toxoplasmic encephalitis relapse rates with pyrimethamine-based therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection and can be a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised patients. This study evaluated the rate of relapse associated with pyrimethamine-based maintenance therapy...
Effects of resistance training in HIV-infected patients: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
The relative effects of resistance training (RT) upon muscle fitness and immune function among HIV-infected patients are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to determine...
Association between diabetes mellitus and active tuberculosis in Africa and the effect of HIV
OBJECTIVE: To determine current evidence for the association between diabetes and active tuberculosis in Africa, and how HIV modifies, or not, any association between diabetes and active tuberculosis. METHODS: We...
Can policy interventions affect HIV-related behaviors? A systematic review of the evidence from low- and middle-income countries
In their response to HIV, many countries have adopted and enacted policies to reduce transmission and increase HIV-related service use. Theoretically, policy-level interventions for HIV prevention have the potential to...
Resourcing resilience: social protection for HIV prevention amongst children and adolescents in Eastern and Southern Africa
Adolescents are the only age group with growing AIDS-related morbidity and mortality in Eastern and Southern Africa, making HIV prevention research among this population an urgent priority. Structural deprivations are...
Association between immune markers and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease in HIV positive patients: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Chronic low-grade immune activation is likely one of the driving mechanisms. This systematic review provides an overview...
Opt-out screening strategy for HIV infection among patients attending emergency departments: Systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: International health agencies have promoted nontargeted universal (opt-out) HIV screening tests in different settings, including emergency departments (EDs). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the testing...
Global physical activity levels among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
PURPOSE: It is unclear how much physical activity people living with HIV (PLWH) engage in. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate physical activity levels and its predictors in PLWH. METHODS:...
Timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Although lifelong combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for all individuals with HIV, few data exist for pregnancy outcomes associated with ART initiation before conception. We assessed adverse pregnancy...
Efficacy of nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and assess the efficacy, different treatment protocols (formulation, dosage, and duration), and safety of nystatin for treating oral candidiasis. METHODS: Four electronic databases were searched for...
Single-session behavioral interventions for sexual risk reduction: A meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Evidence-based, single-session STI/HIV interventions to reduce sexual risk taking are potentially effective options for implementation in resource-limited settings and may solve problems associated with poor participant retention. PURPOSE: The...
