Category Archives: Population(s)
Hormonal contraceptive use and female-to-male HIV transmission: A systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review epidemiologic evidence assessing whether hormonal contraception alters the risk of HIV transmission from an HIV-positive woman to an HIV-negative male partner. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: We...
The effectiveness of interventions using electronic reminders to improve adherence to chronic medication: A systematic review of the literature
BACKGROUND: Many patients experience difficulties in adhering to long-term treatment. Although patients’ reasons for not being adherent are diverse, one of the most commonly reported barriers is forgetfulness. Reminding patients...
Meta-analyses on behavioral interventions to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV
Different behavioral interventions have found to be efficacious in reducing high-risk sexual activity. Interventions have been evaluated in both original research and meta-analytic reviews. Most of the studies have shown...
Stavudine or zidovudine in three-drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral-naive individuals
BACKGROUND: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) as treatment for HIV infection has greatly improved mortality and morbidity for adults and children living with HIV around the world....
Integrating prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes with other health services for preventing HIV infection and improving HIV outcomes in developing countries
BACKGROUND: Every year nearly 400,000 children are infected with HIV through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which is responsible for more than 90% of HIV infections in children. In high-income countries, the...
Use of hormonal contraceptives and HIV acquisition in women: A systematic review of the epidemiological evidence
Whether or not the use of hormonal contraception affects risk of HIV acquisition is an important question for public health. We did a systematic review, searching PubMed and Embase, aiming...
Literature review of HIV among female sex workers in the Central Asian Republics, Afghanistan, and Mongolia: Contexts and convergence with drug use
BACKGROUND: Central Asia is culturally and demographically diverse, both between and within its respective countries. That diversity is represented in the range of individual, network, community, and structural risks for...
HIV-1-resistance-associated mutations after failure of first-line antiretroviral treatment among children in resource-poor regions: A systematic review
HIV-positive children are at high risk of drug resistance, which is of particular concern in settings where antiretroviral options are limited. In this Review we explore resistance rates and patterns...
Does truth telling improve psychological distress of palliative care patients: A systematic review
Authors’ objectives To identify and review studies that measured whether telling the truth has a positive or negative effect on the patients’ psychological distress, and to draw conclusions as to...
