Category Archives: Population(s)
HIV vaccine preparedness studies in the non-organization for economic co-operation and development (non-OECD) countries
HIV vaccine development remains an urgent priority. Vaccine preparedness studies to assess feasibility are an important precursor to HIV vaccine trials. Studies such as these have taken place in many...
Evidence base for children affected by HIV and AIDS in low prevalence and concentrated epidemic countries: Applicability to programming guidance from high prevalence countries
As global commitment grows to protect and support children affected by HIV and AIDS, questions remain about how best to meet the needs of these children in low prevalence settings...
Improved effectiveness of partner notification for patients with sexually transmitted infections: Systematic review
Objective To examine the effectiveness of methods to improve partner notification by patient referral (index patient has responsibility for informing sex partners of their exposure to a sexually transmitted infection)....
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: A systematic review
HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are leading global causes of mortality and morbidity. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is often initiated in patients being treated for TB. The immune recovery associated...
Interventions for treating AIDS-associated Hodgkin’ s lymphoma in treatment-naive adults
Background: Hodgkin’s disease (HD) is the most common non-AIDS-defining malignancy in HIV-infected patients. Its unusually aggressive tumour behaviour includes a higher frequency of unfavourable histologic subtypes, high-stage and extranodal involvement...
Male circumcision for the prevention of heterosexually acquired HIV infection: A meta-analysis of randomized trials involving 11,050 men
OBJECTIVES: Observational studies and a small collection of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that male circumcision may significantly reduce HIV transmission between sero-discordant contacts. The Joint United Nations Programme on...
Impact of baseline HIV-1 RNA levels on initial highly active antiretroviral therapy outcome: A meta-analysis of 12,370 patients in 21 clinical trials
BACKGROUND: Individual randomized trials of first-line antiretroviral treatment do not consistently show an association between higher baseline HIV-1 RNA and lower efficacy. METHODS: A MEDLINE search identified 21 HIV clinical...
Rethinking the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Studies of cumulative HIV incidence suggest that cofactors such as genital ulcer disease, HIV disease stage, and male circumcision influence HIV transmission; however, the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1 is commonly...
A meta-analysis of the incidence of non-AIDS cancers in HIV-infected individuals
OBJECTIVE: To estimate summary standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of non-AIDS cancers among HIV-infected individuals compared with general population rates overall and stratified by gender, AIDS, and highly active antiretroviral therapy...
Endocrine and metabolic disorders associated with human immune deficiency virus infection
BACKGROUND: Many reports have described endocrine and metabolic disorders in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This article reviewed various reports in the literature in order to increase the awareness...
