Category Archives: Population(s)

BACKGROUND: HIV incidence estimates are essential for understanding the evolution of the HIV epidemic and the impact of interventions. Tests for recent HIV infection allow incidence estimation based on a...

CONTEXT: It is not established whether the condom is as effective at preventing heterosexual transmission of HIV as it is for preventing conception. An overall estimate of condom effectiveness for...

BACKGROUND: The HIV-1 pandemic has disproportionately affected individuals in resource-constrained settings. These areas often also have high prevalence of other infectious diseases, such as helminth infections. It is important to...

BACKGROUND: The low uptake of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), an effective HIV prevention intervention, has hindered global attempts to prevent new HIV infections, as well as limiting the...

Background. Preventing unintended pregnancy in HIV-positive women can significantly reduce maternal-to-child HIV transmission as well as improve the woman’s overall health. Hormonal contraceptives are safe and effective means to avoid...

BACKGROUND: Previous systematic reviews found inconsistent effects of male circumcision on HIV acquisition in men who have sex with men (MSM). However, a number of new studies have become available...

BACKGROUND: High rates of HIV infection among women of reproductive age have dramatic consequences for personal and public health. Prophylaxis during sexual intercourse in the form of condoms has been...

Objectives: Hepatitis C is the most common blood-borne infection in the United States and can lead to serious complications including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objectives of this report...

Intestinal helminth infection activates and dysregulates the immune system and impacts the host’s capacity to respond to illness. Such neglected tropical infections exact the greatest burden on resource-limited settings and...

Objective: To integrate the empirical estimates of bisexual behaviour among the bridge population of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China and their HIV and syphilis prevalences stratified...

This first independent systematic review examined evidence for the effectiveness of the stepping stones intervention in HIV prevention. To reduce HIV transmission it addresses gender roles and promotes equitable relationships....

Following large-scale roll-out of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa, the non-clinical efficacy of antiretroviral therapy has received little attention. We aimed to systematically review virological efficacy and drug-resistance outcomes of...