Category Archives: Population(s)
Cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression in people with a somatic disease: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses on psychological treatment for depression in individuals with a somatic disease are limited to specific underlying somatic diseases, thereby neglecting the generalisability of the interventions. AIMS: To examine...
Topical microbicides for prevention of sexually transmitted infections
BACKGROUND: Two decades of research on topical microbicides for prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have had limited success. However, new microbicide randomised controlled trial (RCT) data have recently been...
Ethical and regulatory considerations in HIV prevention studies employing respondent-driven sampling
OBJECTIVE: To review the scientific, ethical, and regulatory literature because no official guidance exists on remuneration for participant-driven recruitment or on investigators’ responsibilities for informing participants of their discordant partnerships....
Is HIV infection a risk factor for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis? A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of human suffering and death. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), and extensive drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) have emerged as threats...
High HIV prevalence and risk of infection among rural-to-urban migrants in various migration stages in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Rural-to-urban migrants represent 17% of the total Chinese population and are considered a potential high-risk bridging population of HIV infection between urban and rural China. METHOD: Based on a...
A systematic review of pediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries
BACKGROUND: Sustaining antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence requires accurate, consistent monitoring, a particular challenge for low-income countries. The optimal strategy to measure pediatric adherence remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic...
Women experience higher rates of adverse events during Hepatitis C virus therapy in HIV infection: A meta-analysis
Background: In HIV/HCV coinfection, adverse events (AE) during HCV therapy account for 12-39% of treatment discontinuations. It is unknown whether sex influences complications. Methods: Meta-analysis to study the effect of...
Promoting the uptake of HIV testing among men who have sex with men: Systematic review of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness
What interventions are effective and cost-effective in increasing the uptake of HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM)? A systematic review was conducted of the following databases:...
Gender disparities in HIV infection among persons who inject drugs in Central Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: Disparities in HIV infection, with females having higher rates of HIV infection than males, have been noted among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in many countries. We examined male/female...
Mortality rates in people dually infected with HIV-1/2 and those infected with either HIV-1 or HIV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE:: As compared to HIV-1 infection, HIV-2 is less transmissible, disease progression is slower, and the mortality risk is lower. It has been suggested that HIV-2 infection inhibits the progression...
Provider-initiated testing and counselling programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of their operational implementation
OBJECTIVE: The routine offer of an HIV test during patient-provider encounters is gaining momentum within HIV treatment and prevention programmes. This review examined the operational implementation of provider-initiated testing and...
A role for depression in sexual risk reduction for women? A meta-analysis of HIV prevention trials with depression outcomes
Rates of HIV/AIDS and depression in women are significant public health concerns. The current meta-analysis tested the hypothesis that depression levels moderate change in sexual risk behavior in women participating...
