Category Archives: Population(s)

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy depends on patient adherence to a daily medication regimen, yet many patients fail to adhere at high enough rates to maintain health and reduce...

PURPOSE: This review examines the literature surrounding acceptability of, and preference for, rapid point-of-care (POC) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in youth, documents notification rates when youth were offered rapid...

Background. High HIV burden countries have experienced a high burden of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients. Objective. To review the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected...

Efavirenz (EFV) is a non-nucleoside widely used as first-line therapy for HIV-1 infection. Most of the research available on EFV comes from trials performed in industrialized countries and only a...

A meta-analysis was conducted on studies using a treatment-comparison group design to evaluate HIV/AIDS risk-reduction interventions for clients enrolled in drug abuse treatment programs. Overall, the interventions studied were found...

Effective antiretroviral therapy remains beyond the reach of most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons living in the third world because of its tremendous cost. The cancer drug, hydroxyurea, inhibits HIV-1...

BACKGROUND: The amount of protection that condoms provide for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases is unknown. Cohort studies of sexually active HIV serodiscordant couples with follow-up of the seronegative...

Community services comprise an important part of a country’s HIV response. English language cost and cost-effectiveness studies of HIV community services published between 1986 and 2011 were reviewed but only...

Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a potentially fatal disease, has emerged as an important opportunistic condition in HIV infected patients. In immunocompromised patients, serological investigation is considered not an accurate diagnostic...

BACKGROUND: Megestrol acetate (MA) is currently used to improve appetite and to increase weight in cancer-associated anorexia. In 1993 MA was approved by the USA’s Federal Drug Administration for the...

We examined the peer-reviewed literature on the burden of bacterial pneumonia and the effectiveness of interventions for its prevention among HIV-infected adults in developed and developing countries. Bacterial pneumonia rates...

INTRODUCTION: Opportunistic infections can occur in up to 40% of people with HIV infection and a CD4 count less than 250/mm3, although the risks are much lower with use of...