Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

Effectiveness of mobile phone text message reminder interventions to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adolescents living with HIV is a global challenge. One of the key strategies to improve adherence is believed to be the use of...

Comparison of muscle strength, aerobic capacity and body composition between healthy adolescents and those living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

Background: The adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy associated with complications generated by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) promote impairments in physical fitness in adolescents. Objective: To analyze the aerobic capacity, muscle...

Neurological development of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected

2021

Widespread use of antiretroviral drugs for pregnant/breastfeeding females with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has led to declining vertical transmission. Despite being HIV-uninfected, the increasing number of children who are HIV-exposed...

Adolescent condom use in Southern Africa: Narrative systematic review and conceptual model of multilevel barriers and facilitators

2021

BACKGROUND: Adolescent HIV and pregnancy rates in Southern Africa are amongst the highest in the world. Despite decades of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programming targeting adolescents, recent trends suggest...

A review of interventions to enhance HIV medication adherence

2021

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) is crucial for a successful HIV treatment. Unfortunately, it is estimated that 45% of persons living with HIV (PLWH) have poor adherence...

Interventions to address the mental health of adolescents and young adults living with or affected by HIV: State of the evidence

2021

INTRODUCTION: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) remain vulnerable to HIV-infection and significant co-morbid mental health challenges that are barriers to treatment and prevention efforts. Globally millions of AYA are living...

Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders in young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review

2021

INTRODUCTION: Common mental disorders (CMDs) particularly depression and anxiety, are highly comorbid with HIV also in young people living with HIV (YLWH). In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where most YLWH reside,...

A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies in perinatally HIV-infected individuals

2021

Over the past few years, neuroimaging studies have been performed in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) to study the impact of HIV infection on the central nervous system...

Gaps in knowledge about the vaccine coverage of immunocompromised children: A scoping review

2021

Immunocompromised children are at increased risk of severe illness from vaccine-preventable infections. However, inadequate vaccine coverage remains a concern. This scoping review sought to determine the current state of knowledge...

Human immunodeficiency virus-positive women’s perspectives on breastfeeding with antiretrovirals: A qualitative evidence synthesis

2021

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women can breastfeed with minimal risk of mother-to-child transmission if taking antiretrovirals. Guidelines surrounding infant feeding for HIV-positive women have evolved several times over the last...

Association of sexual health interventions With sexual health outcomes in Black adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

Importance Black adolescents are at increased risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and experiencing unplanned pregnancy. Although sexual health interventions aimed at decreasing these risks exist,...

Effects of HAART in the nutritional status of children and adolescents infected by HIV in Brazil: A systematic review

2021

The verification of factors associated with growth, body composition and nutritional and nutritional aspects after HIV infection in children or adolescents in Brazil is fundamental for progress in this area....

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