Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of lifelong antiretroviral therapy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Implications for resource-limited countries in sub-Saharan Africa

2017

INTRODUCTION: The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) consolidated guideline recommends lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all HIV-infected pregnant and breastfeeding women for preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT). Ambiguity remains about...

Sex in the shadow of HIV: A systematic review of prevalence, risk factors, and interventions to reduce sexual risk-taking among HIV-positive adolescents and youth in sub-Saharan Africa

2017

BACKGROUND: Evidence on sexual risk-taking among HIV-positive adolescents and youth in sub-Saharan Africa is urgently needed. This systematic review synthesizes the extant research on prevalence, factors associated with, and interventions...

Is hearing impairment associated with HIV? A systematic review of data from low and middle-income countries

2017

OBJECTIVES: To systematically review evidence on the prevalence and characteristics of hearing impairment among children and adults living with HIV in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). METHODS: Articles were identified...

Sexual learning among East African adolescents in the context of generalized HIV epidemics: A systematic qualitative meta-synthesis

2017

BACKGROUND: AIDS-related illness is the leading cause of mortality for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Together, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda account for 21% of HIV-infected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. The United...

Does maternal HSV-2 coinfection increase mother-to-child transmission of HIV? A systematic review

2017

BACKGROUND: Reducing HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is critical to ending the HIV pandemic. Reports suggest that herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), a common coinfection in HIV-infected individuals, is associated with increased...

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the adolescent HIV continuum of care in South Africa: the Cresting Wave

2016

CONTEXT: South Africa has the most HIV infections of any country in the world, yet little is known about the adolescent continuum of care from HIV diagnosis through viral suppression....

Mapping evidence of interventions and strategies to bridge the gap in the implementation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme policy in sub-Saharan countries: A scoping review

2017

BACKGROUND: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is a life-saving public health intervention. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have made significant progress in the programme, but little is known about...

Human infectious diseases and risk of preeclampsia: An updated review of the literature

2017

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In recent years, a growing body of literatures...

Is salivary IgA level a potential biomarker for immunosuppression in HIV-positive children? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether or not assessment of salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels could be a potential biomarker for immunosuppression in HIV-positive children....

Zidovudine use in pregnancy and congenital malformations

2017

OBJECTIVE: There is inconsistent evidence that zidovudine use during pregnancy increases overall, cardiac, and male genital malformations. DESIGN: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of zidovudine use and malformations...

Mental health challenges among adolescents living with HIV

2017

INTRODUCTION: Mental health is a critical and neglected global health challenge for adolescents infected with HIV. The prevalence of mental and behavioural health issues among HIV-infected adolescents may not be...

A review of transition experiences in perinatally and behaviourally acquired HIV-1 infection; Same, same but different?

2017

INTRODUCTION: Despite sharing common psychosocial and developmental experiences, adolescents living with perinatally and behaviourally acquired HIV-1 infection are different in terms of timing of HIV infection and developmental stage at...

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