Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

INTRODUCTION: Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among HIV-infected children is 20-40 fold greater compared to HIV-uninfected children, including among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Also, HIV-exposed, uninfected children...

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on adverse effects of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) on pregnant women and their infants. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of studies...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the economic impact of routine testing of HIV in antenatal (ANC) settings. BACKGROUND: Many children are being infected with HIV through mother to child transmission (MTCT) of...

Since the evidence regarding the association between maternal hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and impaired intrauterine fetal growth had not been conclusive, the aim of the present study was to...

INTRODUCTION: Increasing numbers of children with drug-resistant tuberculosis are accessing second-line antituberculosis drugs; these are more toxic than first-line drugs. Little is known about the safety of new antituberculosis drugs...

An estimated 3.2 million children worldwide have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in prolonged survival, leading to an increase in complications previously recognized in adults....

OBJECTIVE: A critical review of issues around the effectiveness of educational approaches applied in the field of HIV/AIDS prevention. METHODS: Published papers, systematic reviews and technical reports were reviewed. RESULTS:...

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are more common in young people and men who have sex with men (MSM) and effective in-service interventions are needed. METHODS: A systematic review of...

BACKGROUND: Improved access to both maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) and infant prophylaxis may have an impact on the performance of virological assays for diagnosis of HIV infection in infants. This...

INTRODUCTION: To systematically review the literature on mother-to-child transmission in breastfed infants whose mothers received antiretroviral therapy and support the process of updating the World Health Organization infant feeding guidelines...

BACKGROUND: Children (

OBJECTIVE: To identify the barriers to and enablers of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV program in China. METHODS: A systematic review of the existing literature regarding barriers...