Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

Mortality in children diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

BACKGROUND: Case fatality ratios in children with tuberculosis are poorly understood-particularly those among children with HIV and children not receiving tuberculosis treatment. We did a systematic review of published work...

HIV-associated cognitive impairment in perinatally infected children: A meta-analysis

2016

CONTEXT: Research shows, conclusively, that perinatal HIV infection has negative effects on cognitive functioning of children and adolescents. However, the extent of these cognitive impairments is unknown. Current literature does...

Increased risk of group B streptococcus invasive infection in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants: A review of the evidence and possible mechanisms

2016

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and mortality worldwide. Studies from both developed and developing countries have shown that HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants are...

HIV prevalence in children and youth living on the street and subject to commercial sexual exploitation: A systematic review

2016

The aim of this review was to describe HIV prevalence in children and youth living on the street and subject to commercial sexual exploitation, and the studies’ characteristics in terms...

Resourcing resilience: social protection for HIV prevention amongst children and adolescents in Eastern and Southern Africa

2016

Adolescents are the only age group with growing AIDS-related morbidity and mortality in Eastern and Southern Africa, making HIV prevention research among this population an urgent priority. Structural deprivations are...

Bone health and HIV in resource-limited settings: A scoping review

2016

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-limited settings (RLS) bear the greatest burden of the HIV epidemic globally. Advantageously, the expanding access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in...

The impact of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on TB risk in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

BACKGROUND: Children (

Barriers and enablers of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS program in China: A systematic review and policy implications

2017

OBJECTIVE: To identify the barriers to and enablers of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV program in China. METHODS: A systematic review of the existing literature regarding barriers...

Antiretroviral therapy adherence enhancing interventions for adolescents and young adults 13–24 years of age: A review of the evidence base

2016

INTRODUCTION: Youth living with HIV are highly under-represented in the evidence base for adherence interventions, despite their diverse and unique needs and barriers. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to identify...

School-based sexual health education interventions to prevent STI/HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2016

BACKGROUND: School-based sexual health education has the potential to provide an inclusive and comprehensive approach to promoting sexual health among young people. We reviewed evaluations of school-based sexual health education...

A systematic review of measures of HIV/AIDS stigma in paediatric HIV-infected and HIV-affected populations

2016

INTRODUCTION: HIV-related stigma impacts the quality of life and care management of HIV-infected and HIV-affected individuals, but how we measure stigma and its impact on children and adolescents has less...

Review of cytomegalovirus coinfection in HIV-infected individuals in Africa

2017

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection among HIV-infected individuals may cause end-organ disease, which is an AIDS-defining condition. Evidence from high-income countries suggests that CMV may alter the outcome of HIV infection,...

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