Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)
Alarming increase in pretreatment HIV drug resistance in children living in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Children have an augmented risk of pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) due to exposure to antiretroviral drugs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). Paediatric data are essential to...
Mortality in children diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Case fatality ratios in children with tuberculosis are poorly understood-particularly those among children with HIV and children not receiving tuberculosis treatment. We did a systematic review of published work...
HIV-associated cognitive impairment in perinatally infected children: A meta-analysis
CONTEXT: Research shows, conclusively, that perinatal HIV infection has negative effects on cognitive functioning of children and adolescents. However, the extent of these cognitive impairments is unknown. Current literature does...
Increased risk of group B streptococcus invasive infection in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants: A review of the evidence and possible mechanisms
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and mortality worldwide. Studies from both developed and developing countries have shown that HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants are...
HIV prevalence in children and youth living on the street and subject to commercial sexual exploitation: A systematic review
The aim of this review was to describe HIV prevalence in children and youth living on the street and subject to commercial sexual exploitation, and the studies’ characteristics in terms...
Resourcing resilience: social protection for HIV prevention amongst children and adolescents in Eastern and Southern Africa
Adolescents are the only age group with growing AIDS-related morbidity and mortality in Eastern and Southern Africa, making HIV prevention research among this population an urgent priority. Structural deprivations are...
Interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, among young people in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of the published and gray literature
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, are prevalent among adolescents and can have lasting adverse health consequences. The objective of this review is to identify high-quality interventions and evaluations to...
Scoping review: Strategies of providing care for children with chronic health conditions in low- and middle-income countries
OBJECTIVES: To identify and review strategies of providing care for children living with chronic health conditions in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE and Cochrane EPOC databases for...
Mobile phone interventions for adolescent sexual and reproductive health: A systematic review
CONTEXT: Interventions for adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) are increasingly using mobile phones but may not effectively report evidence. OBJECTIVE: To assess strategies, findings, and quality of evidence on...
Antiretroviral therapy adherence enhancing interventions for adolescents and young adults 13–24 years of age: A review of the evidence base
INTRODUCTION: Youth living with HIV are highly under-represented in the evidence base for adherence interventions, despite their diverse and unique needs and barriers. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to identify...
