Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

Systematic review of retention of pediatric patients on HIV treatment in low and middle-income countries 2008-2013

2015

OBJECTIVES: There are several published systematic reviews of adult retention in care after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among adults, but limited information on pediatric retention. DESIGN: Systematic review of pediatric...

Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in sub-Saharan Africa: The journey so far and what remains to be done

2015

This review was carried out to provide a comprehensive overview of efforts toward elimination of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with respect to progress, challenges, and recommendations...

Integration of HIV infant testing into immunization programmes: A systematic review

2014

Background: Integration of HIV infant testing into immunization sessions is one of the strategies designed to increase coverage of early infant diagnosis. Objective: To determine the evidence on the outcomes...

HIV and human herpesvirus 8 co-infection across the globe: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2016

HIV-infection is an important risk factor for developing Kaposi sarcoma (KS), but it is unclear whether HIV-positive persons are also at increased risk of co-infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8),...

Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia burden in HIV-infected children in 2010: A meta-analysis and modelling study

2014

BACKGROUND: Globally, pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children younger than 5 years. Underlying HIV infection is an important risk factor for pneumonia morbidity and mortality...

Contemporary issues on the epidemiology and antiretroviral adherence of HIV-infected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: A narrative review

2015

INTRODUCTION: Adolescents are a unique and sometimes neglected group in the planning of healthcare services. This is the case in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where more than eight out...

Factors associated with parental non-adoption of infant male circumcision for HIV prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and thematic synthesis

2014

Infant male circumcision (IMC) may be more effective at preventing HIV than adult male circumcision as the procedure is carried out before the individual becomes sexually active. Successful scale-up will...

The uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2015

BACKGROUND: No systematic review of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) in China has been performed. We aimed to estimate the uptake of PMTCT programs services in China. METHODS:...

Disclosure of HIV status to HIV-positive children 12 and under: A systematic cross-national review of implications for health and well-being

2013

WHO estimates that 3.4 million children were living with HIV at the end of 2011, 91% of them in sub-Saharan Africa. Until recently, a largely descriptive literature documented wide variability...

Metabolic complications of in utero maternal HIV and antiretroviral exposure in HIV-exposed infants

2014

BACKGROUND: Despite a wide body of literature supporting the use of antenatal antiretrovirals (ARV) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, there remains a need for continued monitoring as the intrauterine...

Systematic review and meta-analysis of community and facility-based HIV testing to address linkage to care gaps in sub-Saharan Africa

2015

HIV testing and counselling is the first crucial step for linkage to HIV treatment and prevention. However, despite high HIV burden in sub-Saharan Africa, testing coverage is low, particularly among...

Caregiver’s HIV disclosure to children 12 years and under: A review and analysis of the evidence

2013

A systematic review and analysis of the empirical evidence through June 2010 on HIV disclosure to children 12 and under was conducted using methods validated by the Cochrane group. Fifteen...

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