Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)
Effective approaches to reducing adolescent unprotected sex, pregnancy, and childbearing
In the United States, there exist a multitude of different approaches to reducing adolescent sexual risk-taking, unintended pregnancy, childbearing, and sexually transmitted disease, including HIV. While many of these approaches...
Effects of postnatal interventions for the reduction of vertical HIV transmission on infant growth and non-HIV infections: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: Guidelines in resource-poor settings have progressively included interventions to reduce postnatal HIV transmission through breast milk. In addition to HIV-free survival, infant growth and non-HIV infections should be considered....
Task shifting of HIV management from doctors to nurses in Africa: Clinical outcomes and evidence on nurse self-efficacy and job satisfaction
With 24% global disease burden and 3% global health workforce, the World Health Organization (WHO) designates the African region a critical workforce shortage area. Task shifting is a WHO-recommended strategy...
Does increased hepatitis B vaccination dose lead to a better immune response in HIV-infected patients than standard dose vaccination: A meta-analysis?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients often fail to produce protective antibodies to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine. Some reports have suggested that increased-dose vaccination improves immune response to HBV vaccine...
Prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection among high school and college student MSM in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to systematically review the published studies and summarize the estimates of HIV and syphilis prevalences among high school and college student MSM in...
Evidence behind the WHO guidelines: Hospital Care for Children: The usefulness of azole prophylaxis against cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-positive children
The World Health Organization has produced guidelines for the management of common illnesses in hospitals with limited resources. This series reviews the scientific evidence behind WHO’s recommendations. The WHO guidelines...
Children facing a family member’s acute illness: A review of intervention studies
BACKGROUND: A review of psycho-educational intervention studies to benefit children adapting to a close (parent, sibling, or grandparent) family member’s serious illness was conducted. OBJECTIVES: To review the literature on...
A meta-analytic evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of HIV infection in infants
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infants. DATA SOURCES: We used studies...
Prevalence, severity, and duration of thrombocytopenia among HIV patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy
Thrombocytopenia is a clinically relevant outcome in HIV. However, the epidemiology of this condition, including frequency, severity, and duration, has not been well-characterized in the era of highly active antiretroviral...
