Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

INTRODUCTION: In recent years children and adolescents have emerged as a priority for HIV prevention and care services. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the acceptability, yield and prevalence...

OBJECTIVE: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) populations (12-24 years) represent over 40% of new HIV infections globally. Adolescence is sometimes characterized by high-risk sexual behaviour and a lack of engagement...

OBJECTIVE: To undertake a systematic review to assess if HIV-infected children and adolescents have an increased dental caries experience. METHODS: A search of MEDLINE, BIREME, EMBASE, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, SIGLE (Grey...

Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are highly vulnerable to HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies. Evidence for the effectiveness of individual behaviour change interventions in reducing incidence of...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy of sexual risk reduction interventions among South African youth. METHODS: Electronic databases were searched to identify studies published between 2007 and early 2013. Studies were...

INTRODUCTION: The 50% increase in HIV-related deaths in youth and adolescents (aged 10-24) from 2005 to 2012 highlights the need to improve HIV treatment and care in this population, including...

OBJECTIVE: Medication adherence is often sub-optimal for adolescents with HIV, and establishing correct weight-based antiretroviral therapy dosing is difficult, contributing to virological failure. This review aimed to determine the proportion...

BACKGROUND: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is the dominant mode of acquisition of HIV infection for children, currently resulting in more than 2000 new paediatric HIV infections each day worldwide....

BACKGROUND: An estimated 260,000 children under the age of 15 years acquired HIV infection in 2012. As much as 42% of mother-to-child transmission is related to breastfeeding. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for...

OBJECTIVE: To review the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of the heptavalent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7). DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1993–August 2001) of research limited to humans published in the...

In the United States, there exist a multitude of different approaches to reducing adolescent sexual risk-taking, unintended pregnancy, childbearing, and sexually transmitted disease, including HIV. While many of these approaches...

BACKGROUND: In the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART), over 50% of HIV-infected infants progress to AIDS and death by 2 years of age. However, there are challenges to initiation of...