Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

Vaginal disinfection during labour for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection

2002

BACKGROUND: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV infection is one of the most tragic consequences of the HIV epidemic, especially in resource-limited countries, resulting in about 650 000 new paediatric HIV...

The intersections of HIV and violence: Directions for future research and interventions

2000

The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature on the intersections between HIV and violence and present an agenda for future research to guide policy and programs....

Measles vaccination in HIV-infected children: Systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and immunogenicity

2011

BACKGROUND: Measles control may be more challenging in regions with a high prevalence of HIV infection. HIV-infected children are likely to derive particular benefit from measles vaccines because of an...

HIV infection and sexual risk behaviour among youth who have experienced orphanhood: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2011

BACKGROUND: Previous research has suggested that orphaned children and adolescents might have elevated risk for HIV infection. We examined the state of evidence regarding the association between orphan status and...

Adherence challenges with drugs for pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV infection

2014

Background There are 34 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide and each year this number increases. Until a vaccine is discovered, the prevention of new HIV infections...

Partner notification in the United States: An evidence-based review

1999

INTRODUCTION: To conduct an evidence-based review of the literature on the effectiveness of partner notification strategies for syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States. METHODS:...

Determinants of male involvement in maternal and child health services in sub-Saharan Africa: A review

2012

INTRODUCTION: Male participation is a crucial component in the optimization of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services. This is especially so where prevention strategies to decrease Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of...

Endocrine and metabolic disorders associated with human immune deficiency virus infection

2009

BACKGROUND: Many reports have described endocrine and metabolic disorders in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This article reviewed various reports in the literature in order to increase the awareness...

Screening for human immunodeficiency virus in adolescents and adults

2005

Context: Human immunodeficiency virus infection affects 850,000 to 950,000 persons in the United States, with approximately 40,000 new infections annually. Diagnosis of unsuspected HIV infection could identify those who would...

HIV prevalence and mortality among children undergoing treatment for severe acute malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2009

This systematic review and meta-analysis explored HIV prevalence and mortality in children undergoing treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in sub-Saharan Africa. It included all studies reporting on HIV infection...

Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries

2007

Background: Abstinence-only interventions promote sexual abstinence as the only means of preventing sexual acquisition of HIV; they do not promote safer-sex strategies (e.g., condom use). Although abstinence-only programs are widespread,...

A meta-analysis of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and virologic responses in HIV-infected children, adolescents, and young adults

2013

The relationship between adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and virologic outcomes in HIV+ children, adolescents, and young adults has been notably understudied, with much of the extant research focused on...

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