Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)
Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV-1: A meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies
Objective: To test the a priori hypothesis that longer duration of ruptured membranes is associated with increased risk of vertical transmission of HIV. Design: The relationship between duration of ruptured...
Association between knowledge of HIV-positive status or use of antiretroviral therapy and high-risk transmission behaviors: Systematic review
To systematically review the evidence on the association between knowledge of HIV-positive status or use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and high-risk transmission behaviors, we searched Ovid MEDLINE from 2004 to...
The paradigm of universal access to HIV-treatment and human rights violation: How do we treat HIV-positive people who use drugs?
HIV-positive people who use drugs (PWUDs) are particularly vulnerable for suboptimal access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We conducted a systematic review to identify factors associated with suboptimal HAART...
Retention in care of HIV-infected children from HIV test to start of antiretroviral therapy: Systematic review
BACKGROUND: In adults it is well documented that there are substantial losses to the programme between HIV testing and start of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The magnitude and reasons for loss...
HIV prevention for South African youth: which interventions work? A systematic review of current evidence
BACKGROUND: In South Africa, HIV prevalence among youth aged 15-24 is among the world’s highest. Given the urgent need to identify effective HIV prevention approaches, this review assesses the evidence...
Efficacy of interventions in improving highly active antiretroviral therapy adherence and HIV-1 RNA viral load: A meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials
Summary: Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is generally suboptimal, limiting the effectiveness of HAART. This meta-analytic review examined whether behavioral interventions addressing HAART adherence are successful in increasing...
Efficacy of computer technology-based HIV prevention interventions: A meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: To conduct a meta-analysis of computer technology-based HIV prevention behavioral interventions aimed at increasing condom use among a variety of at-risk populations. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing...
Impact of HIV and sexual health education on the sexual behaviour of young people: A review update
To assess the effects of HIV/AIDS and sexual health education on young peoples sexual behaviour, a comprehensive literature review was commissioned by the Department of Policy, Strategy, and Research of...
School-based programs to reduce sexual risk behaviors: A review of effectiveness
This review was undertaken in recognition of the mounting public health and social problems associated with adolescent sexual behavior and the importance of basing school-affiliated programs designed to reduce sexual...
Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine-related disease in HIV-infected children: A systematic review
OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics and risk of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine related disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected infants. METHODS: Systematic literature review of articles published from 1950...
Behavioral interventions to reduce incidence of HIV, STD, and pregnancy among adolescents: A decade in review
PURPOSE: To review adolescent sexual risk-reduction programs that were evaluated using quasi-experimental or experimental methods and published in the 1990s. We describe evaluated programs and identify program and evaluation issues...
