Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)
Interventions for the prevention and management of oropharyngeal candidiasis associated with HIV infection in adults and children
BACKGROUND: Oral candidiasis (OC) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection occurs commonly and recurs frequently, often presenting as an initial manifestation of the disease. Left untreated, these lesions contribute...
Resistance at virological failure using boosted protease inhibitors versus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors as first-line antiretroviral therapy–implications for sustained efficacy of ART in resource-limited settings
BACKGROUND: Increases in the prevalence of resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) have been observed among previously untreated individuals in all areas of sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to examine...
A systematic review of the role of school-based healthcare in adolescent sexual, reproductive, and mental health
BACKGROUND: Accessible sexual, reproductive, and mental healthcare services are crucial for adolescent health and wellbeing. It has been reported that school-based healthcare (SBHC) has the potential to improve the availability...
A review of anti-D treatment of childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Treatment of childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is still an area of controversy. We reviewed the literature on anti-D treatment. Most studies used intravenous anti-D. Single doses of 50 microg/kg increased...
HIV prevalence and mortality among children undergoing treatment for severe acute malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis explored HIV prevalence and mortality in children undergoing treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in sub-Saharan Africa. It included all studies reporting on HIV infection...
Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries
Background: Abstinence-only interventions promote sexual abstinence as the only means of preventing sexual acquisition of HIV; they do not promote safer-sex strategies (e.g., condom use). Although abstinence-only programs are widespread,...
A meta-analysis of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and virologic responses in HIV-infected children, adolescents, and young adults
The relationship between adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and virologic outcomes in HIV+ children, adolescents, and young adults has been notably understudied, with much of the extant research focused on...
Interventions for preventing late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV
BACKGROUND: Worldwide, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) represents the most common means by which children acquire HIV infection. Efficacious and effective interventions to prevent in...
HIV prevention in young people in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Purpose: To systematically review and update evidence on the effectiveness of youth HIV/AIDS prevention interventions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to make evidence-based policy recommendations to guide efforts toward meeting...
