Category Archives: Treatment

Metabolic complications of in utero maternal HIV and antiretroviral exposure in HIV-exposed infants

2014

BACKGROUND: Despite a wide body of literature supporting the use of antenatal antiretrovirals (ARV) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, there remains a need for continued monitoring as the intrauterine...

Service delivery interventions to improve adolescents’ linkage, retention and adherence to antiretroviral therapy and HIV care

2015

OBJECTIVES: Adolescents living with HIV face substantial difficulties in accessing HIV care services and have worse treatment outcomes than other age groups. The objective of this review was to evaluate...

Comparative effectiveness of tenofovir in treatment-naive HIV-infected patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2015

INTRODUCTION: Benefits and harms of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in HIV-infected, antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive patients of any age have not been systematically reviewed since recent milestone trials were published. METHODS:...

Long-term virological outcomes of first-line antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2015

BACKGROUND: More than 11.7 million people are currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and focused efforts are needed to ensure high levels of adherence and...

Social media and HIV: A systematic review of uses of social media in HIV communication

2015

BACKGROUND: Social media, including mobile technologies and social networking sites, are being used increasingly as part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention and treatment efforts. As an important avenue for...

Interventions to promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Africa: A network meta-analysis

2014

BACKGROUND: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is necessary for the improvement of the health of patients and for public health. We sought to determine the comparative effectiveness of different interventions...

The cost and impact of scaling up pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: A systematic review of cost-effectiveness modelling studies

2013

BACKGROUND: Cost-effectiveness studies inform resource allocation, strategy, and policy development. However, due to their complexity, dependence on assumptions made, and inherent uncertainty, synthesising, and generalising the results can be difficult....

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adolescents living with HIV: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2014

OBJECTIVE: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) populations (12-24 years) represent over 40% of new HIV infections globally. Adolescence is sometimes characterized by high-risk sexual behaviour and a lack of engagement...

Revitalizing the HIV response in Pakistan: A systematic review and policy implications

2014

BACKGROUND: We sought to describe the epidemiology of HIV in Pakistan and prioritize interventions to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the response to HIV. METHODS: We conducted a systematic...

HIV infection and cardiovascular disease

2014

AIMS: With the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related comorbidities like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are of increasing concern. We describe important recent research developments on the epidemiology...

The changing role of HIV-associated oral candidiasis in the era of HAART

2015

Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal opportunistic infection to affect the oral cavity among HIV patients. The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the epidemiology of...

Treatment of acute hepatitis C infection with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2015

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Of the 35 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients worldwide, 10-40% are coinfected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Compared to HCV-monoinfected patients, those coinfected experience decreased spontaneous HCV...

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