Category Archives: Treatment

BACKGROUND: We sought to describe the epidemiology of HIV in Pakistan and prioritize interventions to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the response to HIV. METHODS: We conducted a systematic...

AIMS: With the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related comorbidities like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are of increasing concern. We describe important recent research developments on the epidemiology...

Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal opportunistic infection to affect the oral cavity among HIV patients. The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the epidemiology of...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Of the 35 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients worldwide, 10-40% are coinfected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Compared to HCV-monoinfected patients, those coinfected experience decreased spontaneous HCV...

BACKGROUND: Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains challenging. PURPOSE: To assess evidence from randomized, controlled trials of the timing of ART initiation in HIV-infected adults with...

INTRODUCTION: After the onset of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), some HIV-infected patients present a severe inflammation in response to a latent or a previously treated opportunistic pathogen termed immune...

OBJECTIVE: Medication adherence is often sub-optimal for adolescents with HIV, and establishing correct weight-based antiretroviral therapy dosing is difficult, contributing to virological failure. This review aimed to determine the proportion...

INTRODUCTION: HIV-associated oral lesions have been used as clinical indicators of HIV infection and/or HIV-disease progression. It is well established that there is a significant reduction in the incidence of...

BACKGROUND: A comprehensive assessment of initial HIV-1 treatment success may inform study design and treatment guidelines. METHODS: Group-based, systematic review and meta-analysis of initial antiretroviral therapy studies, in adults, of...

Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) is the first ritonavir-boosted protease-inhibitor used in second-line anti-retroviral treatment (ART) in resource-limited regions. To evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of LPV/r in treatment-naive and -experienced HIV-infected...

Research on improved treatment of HIV infection and pre-exposure prophylaxis continues. Poor adherence to treatment is the critical risk factor for virological failure and resistance development, and long-acting formulations of...

INTRODUCTION: Efavirenz (EFV) is widely used for the treatment of antiretroviral-naive HIV-positive individuals, but there are concerns about the risk of adverse neuropsychiatric events. We systematically reviewed the safety of...