Category Archives: Treatment

Hepatotoxicity associated with long- versus short-course HIV-prophylactic nevirapine use: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the Research on Adverse Drug events And Reports (RADAR) project

2009

Background and objective: The antiretroviral nevirapine can cause severe hepatotoxicity when used ‘off-label’ for preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), newborn post-exposure prophylaxis and for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among non-HIV-infected...

Early mortality among adults accessing antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa

2008

Two-thirds of the world’s HIV-infected people live in sub-Saharan Africa, and more than 1.5 million of them die annually. As access to antiretroviral treatment has expanded within the region; early...

Directly observed antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials

2009

BACKGROUND: Directly observed therapy has been recommended to improve adherence for patients with HIV infection who are on highly active antiretroviral therapy, but the benefit and cost-effectiveness of this approach...

Decentralising HIV treatment in lower- and middle-income countries

2013

Background: Policy makers, health staff and communities recognise that health services in lower- and middle-income countries need to improve people’s access to HIV treatment and retention to treatment programmes. One...

Mortality of patients lost to follow-up in antiretroviral treatment programmes in resource-limited settings: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2009

Background: The retention of patients in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes is an important issue in resource-limited settings. Loss to follow up can be substantial, but it is unclear what the...

Prevalence, severity, and duration of thrombocytopenia among HIV patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy

2011

Thrombocytopenia is a clinically relevant outcome in HIV. However, the epidemiology of this condition, including frequency, severity, and duration, has not been well-characterized in the era of highly active antiretroviral...

Etravirine (TMC-125): The evidence for its place in the treatment of HIV-1 infection

2010

Introduction: Etravirine is a novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) specifically designed to suppress the replication of viruses resistant to the three currently approved NNRTIs efavirenz, nevirapine, and delavirdine. Aims:...

Systematic review of the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection

2007

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical trials of...

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa and North America: A meta-analysis

2006

CONTEXT: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a powerful predictor of survival for individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. Concerns about incomplete adherence among patients living in poverty...

Mitochondrial disorders among infants exposed to HIV and antiretroviral therapy

2007

Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, concern has been raised about the possibility that it may cause mitochondrial dysfunction in infants. There is adequate...

Relative risk of renal disease among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2012

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially decreased mortality and HIV-related morbidity. However, other morbidities appear to be more common among PLHIV than in the general population. This study aimed to estimate...

Impact of hepatitis C virus on immune restoration in HIV-infected patients who start highly active antiretroviral therapy: A meta-analysis

2005

BACKGROUND: There are conflicting data in the medical literature regarding the degree of immune restoration (as measured by CD4 cell count) in patients who commence highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...

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