Category Archives: Treatment

Antiretroviral regimens for patients with HIV who fail first-line antiretroviral therapy

2010

BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy has reduced the morbidity and mortality of patients with HIV/AIDS. A common first-line ART regimen in low-resource settings includes a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)...

Cognitive-behavioural interventions for mood and anxiety disorders in HIV: A systematic review

2013

BACKGROUND: Mood and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and comorbid with HIV/AIDS. However, there is a paucity of research on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural interventions (CBI) for common mental disorders...

Association of genital human papillomavirus infection with HIV acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2013

OBJECTIVES: To conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating the association of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HIV acquisition. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA...

Does epoetin alfa improve health-related quality of life in chronically ill patients with anemia: Summary of trials of cancer, HIV/AIDS, and chronic kidney disease

2008

OBJECTIVES: Anemia, defined as having low levels of hemoglobin (HGB), is caused by disease-related (e.g., bone marrow suppression, nutritional deficiency) or treatment-related (e.g., chemotherapy, antiretroviral therapy) factors. Although epoetin alfa...

Does antiretroviral therapy improve HIV-associated cognitive impairment? A quantitative review of the literature

2011

The development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically improved survival for those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but whether ART improves cognitive functioning remains unclear. The aim of the...

Non-physician clinician provided HIV treatment results in equivalent outcomes as physician-provided care: A meta-analysis

2013

INTRODUCTION: A severe healthcare worker shortage in sub-Saharan Africa is inhibiting the expansion of HIV treatment. Task shifting, the transfer of antiretroviral therapy (ART) management and initiation from doctors to...

A systematic review of probiotics as a potential intervention to restore gut health in HIV infection

2013

Probiotics have beneficial effects on the gut in numerous conditions. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the current literature on probiotics used in chronic illnesses...

Systematic review and meta-analysis: Influence of smoking cessation on incidence of pneumonia in HIV

2013

BACKGROUND: Smoking is common in people infected with HIV but cessation support is not a routine part of clinical care. The aim was to assess whether smoking is a risk...

A review of HIV antiretroviral adherence and intervention studies among HIV-infected youth

2009

Advances in antiretroviral medications have resulted in precipitous declines in HIV-associated morbidity and mortality; however, high levels of adherence are crucial to the success of HIV therapies. This article reviews...

Hepatotoxicity associated with long- versus short-course HIV-prophylactic nevirapine use: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the Research on Adverse Drug events And Reports (RADAR) project

2009

Background and objective: The antiretroviral nevirapine can cause severe hepatotoxicity when used ‘off-label’ for preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), newborn post-exposure prophylaxis and for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among non-HIV-infected...

Early mortality among adults accessing antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa

2008

Two-thirds of the world’s HIV-infected people live in sub-Saharan Africa, and more than 1.5 million of them die annually. As access to antiretroviral treatment has expanded within the region; early...

Directly observed antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials

2009

BACKGROUND: Directly observed therapy has been recommended to improve adherence for patients with HIV infection who are on highly active antiretroviral therapy, but the benefit and cost-effectiveness of this approach...

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