Category Archives: Treatment
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy for pediatric HIV infection: A qualitative systematic review with recommendations for research and clinical management
Although nonadherence to prescribed therapies is widespread, it is particularly problematic with highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. This review of >50 studies in the area of pediatric HIV...
Adverse events associated with nevirapine and efavirenz-based first-line antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
INTRODUCTION:: Since 2002, the World Health Organization has recommended either nevirapine (NVP) or efavirenz (EFV) as part of first-line antiretroviral therapy. These two drugs are known to have differing toxicity...
Antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis: A meta-analytic review
INTRODUCTION: Prevalence estimates of osteopenia and osteoporosis (reduced bone mineral density; BMD) in HIV-infected patients and the role of antiretroviral therapy (ART) varies in the literature. METHODS: We conducted a...
Efficacy and safety of micafungin for invasive candida infections: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Background Invasive fungal infections such as candidiasis and mold infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in seriously ill patients. Micafungin is an echinocandin antifungal agent with potent activity against most...
Depression treatment enhances adherence to antiretroviral therapy: A meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Depression is a risk factor for nonadherence to HIV/AIDS treatment. PURPOSE: A meta-analysis was conducted to examine whether treatment of depression and psychological distress improves antiretroviral therapy adherence. METHODS:...
Assessing the effects of HIV/AIDS and TB disease control programmes on health systems in low- and middle-income countries of Southeast Asia: A semi-systematic review of the literature
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature on if and how HIV/AIDS and TB programmes have impacted on general healthcare systems in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. METHODS: Medline,...
Management of HIV-associated tuberculosis in resource-limited settings: A state-of-the-art review
The HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) epidemic remains a huge challenge to public health in resource-limited settings. Reducing the nearly 0.5 million deaths that result each year has been identified as a...
Behavioral interventions for improving dual-method contraceptive use
Background: Dual-method contraception refers to using condoms as well as another modern method of contraception. The latter (usually non-barrier) method is commonly hormonal (e.g., oral contraceptives) or a non-hormonal intrauterine...
Cost-effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interventions in Africa: A systematic review of the evidence
BACKGROUND: Evidence for cost-effectiveness of interventions for HIV/AIDS in Africa is fragmentary. Cost-effectiveness is, however, highly relevant. African governments face difficult choices in striking the right balance between prevention, treatment,...
The validity of the modification of diet in renal disease formula in HIV-infected patients: A systematic review
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Renal dysfunction is highly prevalent in HIV-infected patients and may require dose adjustment of renally excreted antiretroviral drugs. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)-4...
