Category Archives: Treatment
Protease inhibitor-containing antiretroviral treatment and tuberculosis: Can rifabutin fill the breach?
OBJECTIVE: To assess how to best manage co-administration of rifabutin (RFB) and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor (PI) containing antiretroviral treatment (ART). Recommended for initial anti-tuberculosis treatment, rifampicin...
Structured treatment interruptions (STI) in chronic suppressed HIV infection in adults
BACKGROUND: Although antiretroviral treatment (ART) has led to a decline in morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients in developed countries, it has also presented challenges. These challenges include increases in...
The effect on treatment adherence of administering drugs as fixed-dose combinations versus as separate pills: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Administering drugs as fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) versus the same active drugs administered as separate pills is assumed to enhance treatment adherence. We synthesized evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about...
Treatment of Kaposi’s sarcoma in HIV-1 infected individuals with emphasis on resource poor settings
BACKGROUND: In many countries, Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the commonest malignancy among individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) and is a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES:...
Clinical utility of biomarkers of endothelial activation and coagulation for prognosis in HIV infection: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: HIV infection is associated with vascular dysfunction and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Our objective was to review the evidence regarding the clinical utility of endothelial activation and coagulation biomarkers for...
Analytic review of modeling studies of ARV Based PrEP interventions reveals strong influence of drug-resistance assumptions on the population-level effectiveness
BACKGROUND: Four clinical trials have shown that oral and topical pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) based on tenofovir may be effective in preventing HIV transmission. The expected reduction in HIV transmission and...
Structured treatment interruptions for the management of HIV infection
Antiretroviral drugs constitute a milestone in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; however, emerging problems limit their long-term use, and an increasing number of patients interrupt the prescribed...
Correlates and predictors of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: Overview of published literature
Knowledge of factors associated with medication adherence could help HIV clinicians to target persons in need of intervention, design these interventions, and help researchers to plan studies of adherence. This...
Treatment non-adherence in pediatric long-term medical conditions: Systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies of caregivers’ views
BACKGROUND: Non-adherence to prescribed treatments is the primary cause of treatment failure in pediatric long-term conditions. Greater understanding of parents and caregivers’ reasons for non-adherence can help to address this...
Antihypertensive drugs in patients treated with antiretrovirals
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature for information regarding pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretrovirals and antihypertensive agents, evaluate the clinical significance of these interactions, and analyze the effect of antihypertensive drugs on...
Lessons learned from family-centred models of treatment for children living with HIV: Current approaches and future directions
BACKGROUND: Despite strong global interest in family-centred HIV care models, no reviews exist that detail the current approaches to family-centred care and their impact on the health of children with...
